1. Philadelphia instrument maker William Davenport (1778-1829) repaired TJ’s telescope (Bedini, Scientific Instruments, p. 61, 156 description begins Silvio A. Bedini, Early American Scientific Instruments and Their Makers, Washington, D.C., 1964 description ends ; TJ to Davenport, 2 Feb. 1819).

2.  Samuel Overton Minor, son of Garrett Minor, lived southeast of Milton (Woods, Albemarle, p. 279 description begins Edgar Woods, Albemarle County in Virginia, 1901, repr. Bridgewater, Va., n.d. description ends ).

3. Other arrangements were made for payment for these cornshellers, which were invented by a citizen of Pittsburg and manufactured at a Shenandoah County foundry. TJ had first seen the operation of one of these machines at Reuben Lindsay’s farm the week before (TJ to Hugh Holmes, 4 Mch. 1819, 17 June 1823; Holmes to TJ, 10 Mch. 1819).

4. TJ had subscribed to John Martin Baker, A View of the Commerce of the Mediterranean, published at Washington in 1819 (TJ to Baker, 8 Mch. 1819; Baker to TJ, 4 Mch. 1819; Library Catalogue, 1829, No. 705 description begins Catalogue: President Jefferson’s Library, Washington, D.C., 1829 description ends ).

5. TJ paid Richmond bookbinder and bookseller Frederick A. Mayo for binding twenty-nine volumes and for the purchase of John de Grenier Fonblanque’s edition of Henry Ballow, A Treatise of Equity (TJ to Mayo, 15 Mch. 1819; Mayo to TJ, 19 Mch. 1819).

6. The titles bound for TJ by Fredericksburg bookbinder William F. Gray are listed in Gray to TJ, 20 Jan. 1820. Further titles bound and books purchased—mainly TJ’s continuing subscription to the Edinburgh Review—are identified intheir correspondence in DLC.

7.  Louis A. Leschot (1779-1838) and his wife Sophie (1791-1853) had arrived in Charlottesville from Neuchâtel, Switzerland, at the beginning of 1817. He prospered as a watchmaker in his shop on Court Square (Monticello Association Papers, p. 261 description begins Collected Papers to Commemorate Fifty Years of the Monticello Association of Descendants of Thomas Jefferson, ed. George Green Shackelford, Princeton, N.J., 1965 description ends ; TJ to Charles W. Peale, 16 Mch. 1817; TJ to William Lee, 6 June 1817; TJ to J. Keller, 24 Jan. 1818; Rawlings, Early Charlottesville, p. 23-4 description begins Mary Rawlings, ed., Early Charlottesville: Recollections of James Alexander 1828-1874, Charlottesville, Va., 1942 description ends ).

8. This figure also reflects the payment of 21 Feb.

9. TJ was slightly injured in a fall during the 9 Apr. fire, which damaged but did not destroy the north pavilion. This building, which had been completed in 1808, seems to have been reserved for the use of TMR (TJ to John Barnes, 5 May 1819; TJ to John Q. Adams, 10 May 1819; TJ to James Dinsmore, 20 Mch. 1808).

10.  Jacob W. White was overseer at the Tomahawk farm of Poplar Forest in 1818, at an annual wage of $300.

11. Lynchburg tailor William Sumpter’s shop was “one door below the Indian Queen Tavern” (Lynchburg Press, 5 Jan. 1815).

12. TJ did not include the Enniscorthy vales in this total.

13.  William Dunkum (d. 1846) lived about five miles south of Charlottesville on the road to Scottsville (Woods, Albemarle, p. 182 description begins Edgar Woods, Albemarle County in Virginia, 1901, repr. Bridgewater, Va., n.d. description ends ).

14. The books TJ ordered from New York booksellers James Eastburn & Co. are listed in TJ to Eastburn & Co., 2 Apr. 1819.

15. The curtailments of TJ’s bank loans are the first visible effects of his financial sufferings in the panic year of 1819. The sudden contraction of credit after several years of expanding “fictitious capital,” as TJ termed it, was one of the main reasons for the financial failures and falling prices of this year. TJ, who was always at his most colorfully critical on the subject of banks, had been predicting the bursting of the “bank bubble” for years and he blamed the “enormous abuses of our banking system” for the distress that followed (TJ to Richard Rush, 22 June 1819; TJ to Charles Yancey, 6 Jan. 1816). The first curtailments had struck him in the summer of 1818 like “a clap of thunder” and until 1823 he struggled to pay for them by rushing flour to market, selling land, and taking out additional loans—all in a period when the bottom had dropped out of the market for both land and commodities. As he wrote to an overseer in 1820, “Never were such hard times seen as we have here now. Not a dollar is passing from one to another” (TJ to Patrick Gibson, 30 July 1818; TJ to Joel Yancey, 22 Apr. 1820; MB 1 May 1818; Malone, Jefferson, vi, 304-15 description begins Dumas Malone, Jefferson and His Time, Boston, 1948-1981, 6 vols. description ends ).

16. This and succeeding orders of Roman cement finally made the Monticello cisterns reasonably watertight (TJ to William Coffee, 15 May 1819; TJ to Richard Randolph, 13 May 1822; Coffee to TJ, 7 Nov. 1818).

17. TJ was the prime mover in the opening on this date of a classical grammar school in Charlottesville, “a preliminary to the University,” as he described it. At the recommendation of Thomas Cooper, he had engaged as teacher Gerard E. Stack, a graduate of Trinity College, Dublin, whom TJ hailed as “the best classical teacher” in the country. French-born Peter and Victoire Laporte, tavernkeepers in western Augusta County, were brought to Charlottesville to operate the school’s boardinghouse, where only French was to be spoken. This promising enterprise succumbed fifteen months later to mounting disciplinary problems and TJ found himself entangled in the Laporte’s disordered finances (TJ to Laporte, 6 May 1819; TJ to Joel Yancey, 25 May 1819; Malone, Jefferson, vi, 371-3, 379 description begins Dumas Malone, Jefferson and His Time, Boston, 1948-1981, 6 vols. description ends ; Moore, Albemarle, p. 102-3 description begins John Hammond Moore, Albemarle: Jefferson’s County, 1727-1976, Charlottesville, Va., 1976 description ends ).

18. Correctly $13.75.

19.  John Gorman, a worker in a marble quarry near Lynchburg, later worked for TJ at Monticello and for the University of Virginia (TJ to A. S. Brockenbrough, 29 July 1819; Bruce, University of Virginia, i, 254 description begins Philip A. Bruce, History of the University of Virginia, 1819-1919, New York, 1920-1922, 5 vols. description ends ).

20. TJ bought the flannel to apply to his shoulders, wrists, and knees, then affected by the “severest attack of rheumatism” he had ever experienced. Two weeks later he had made a partial recovery, but continued to suffer from his arthritis throughout the fall (TJ to Wilson C. Nicholas, 11 Aug. 1819; Cornelia J. Randolph to Virginia J. Randolph, 11 Aug. 1819, NcU; TJ to John Vaughan, 22 Aug. 1819).

21.  Edmund Meeks had replaced Larkin Powers as TJ’s head carpenter in Albemarle County. He worked at an annual wage of £45 from 1819 through 1823.

22. If this was a liquor purchase, the reason is not known; TJ had recently written: “The ardent wines I cannot drink, nor do I use ardent spirits in any form” (TJ to Dr. Vine Utley, 21 Mch. 1819).

23. Correctly $16.995; TJ seems to have included the payment for gin twice.

24.  Bernard Peyton, who was TJR’s Richmond commission agent and was at this time handling some small matters for TJ, took over all TJ’s commission business from July 1820.

25.  Isaac Raphael ran a dry goods and grocery business, sometimes in connection with his brother-in-law Joel Wolfe, on Main Street in Charlottesville (Rawlings, Early Charlottesville, p. 86-8 description begins Mary Rawlings, ed., Early Charlottesville: Recollections of James Alexander 1828-1874, Charlottesville, Va., 1942 description ends ; Charlottesville Central Gazette, 19 Feb. 1820).

26. TJ had joined Christopher Hudson of Mount Air in a suit against two individuals who claimed a portion of the 400-acre Hardware limestone tract, in which TJ had a one-sixth share and Hudson three or four-sixths (TJ to Robert Anderson, 13 June 1819; MB 24 Sep. 1801).

27.  Billy (b. 1801), the son of smith Moses and Mary, had run away from Monticello to Poplar Forest. He soon was off again and in 1821 joined a gang of runaways (Joel Yancey to TJ, 20, 26 Oct. 1819, 22 May 1821; TJ to Yancey, 11 Feb. 1820). Jonathan Bishop was overseer at the Tomahawk farm of Poplar Forest in 1820.