Abner Nash to George Washington, 4 April 1781
From Abner Nash
New Bern [N.C.] April 4th 1781
Dear Sir,
I did myself the Honour to write your Excellency a few lines from General Greens Camp dated the 18th ult. as the Express was just going off as I arrived at the Generals—I hope you was good enough to excuse the hasty manner in which it appeared to have been written;1 I am now just arrived Home from Camp and have the pleasure to acquiaint you that our Worthy and excellent General with his little distressed tho’ successful Army has in turn driven his Lordship over Cape Fear River; this he passed as the General informs me the 28th with great precipitation leaving several dead of his late Wounded unburied, and leaving his Bridge over the river undestroyed; the General was very near overtaking the Enemy at this place, but says he must now make a Halt, as a considerable part of the Virginia militia were leaving him, and as his army was distressed for provisions;2 I have assured him that the powers of the State shall be exerted to the utmost to support him, & that in Aid of the provision made by Law for the support of the Army, I had with the advice of my Council Extraordinary demanded from the inhabitants of the whole State, those reduced by the contending Armies excepted, one fifth part of all their Bacon and other salted Meat and had appointed proper Officers in every County to collect this contribution immediately3—And as this State has lately suffered so much & been in such eminent Danger of being intirely over run and ruined by the Enemy, I have every reason to hope the requisition will meet with no opposition—the State is now busily imployed in drafting their regulars for our four Batalions,4 and as the Militia by a late Law are subjected in Case they desert their Colours in time of Action & run away, to the Condition of Continental Soldiers during the War, we expect to derive some good from the Evil they did in running away from the Enemy in the Action of the 15th at Guilford5—and I am sorry on this occasion to acknowledge that the most important advantages were that day lost by the shameful conduct of our Men6—all ranks of people here seem now fully sensible of the necessity of having a regular and well appointed Army, and that the Country cannot be any other way effectually defended—the British with their small force at Wilmington still keep that post & are kept in it by a party of our Militia who have once had a successful skermish with them—it is pretty certain from my last Letters from General Green that Lord Cornwallis with his Army is now in Cross Creek; the General dont hint what he expects will be his Lordships next enterprises7—if the General allows him ’tis not improbable he will now take some rest—with the highest respect and esteem—I have the honour to be Yr Excellency’s most Obdt & Hhble Servant.
A: Nash
LS, DLC:GW. GW’s aide-de-camp Tench Tilghman wrote “recd 20st May” on the docket. He appears to have changed “21” to “20.”
1. Nash refers to his letter to GW of 19 March.
2. In his letter to Nash of 29 March, Maj. Gen. Nathanael Greene reported that the army under British lieutenant general Charles Cornwallis had on the previous day crossed the Haw River, a tributary of the Cape Fear River, heading for Cross Creek and Wilmington, N.C. (see , 7:480).
3. See Nash to Greene, 3 April, in , 8:42–43.
4. The congressional reorganization of the Continental army required four infantry regiments from North Carolina (see General Orders, 1 Nov. 1780).
5. “An act to regulate and establish a militia in this state,” passed by the North Carolina legislature in its session beginning in January, included this language: “if any person shall withdraw himself, or abscond from the company to which he belongs, after being lawfully drafted, or shall desert his colours when on actual service, such person shall be held and deemed a continental soldier during the war” (N.C. Acts 1781, pp. 1–8, quote on 4).
6. For the Battle of Guilford Courthouse, see Greene to Samuel Huntington, 16 March, printed as an enclosure with Greene to GW, 17 March.
7. See n.2 above.