George Washington Papers

General Orders, 10 July 1777

General Orders

Head Quarters, Morristown, July 10th 1777.

Parole: Countersigns: Weymouth
Andover.

The tents of the whole army are to be struck to morrow morning, at Gun-firing, and packed up, ready for marching, with the utmost speed; the line of march to begin afterwards as soon as possible.

All baggage Waggons (those with tents excepted) are to move this afternoon towards Boone-Town,1 to a place appointed by Gen: Mifflin: Guards for which are to be supplied in the following manner; Viz.—Each brigade furnishes a Captain, two subalterns and thirty men, and each division a Field Officer, that from Gen: Greene’s to be Colonel Commandant—Women are to march with the baggage. Two days provisions to be cooked and ready this afternoon—Canteens are to be filled with water, before the march begins, as no soldier will be allowed to quit his rank on that account.

The three picquets, viz., On the Pompton, Chatham & Middlebrook roads, will quit their posts at gun-firing to morrow morning and join their respective corps without delay—All other guards will attend their duty in the several departments where they are placed until relieved, moving with their charges respectively.

After Orders.

Each division (except Lord Stirling’s) is to leave at Morristown a captain, two subalterns, three serjeants, three corporals and fifty privates: And Major General Lord Stirling’s division one subaltern, two Serjeants, two corporals and twenty-five privates—Gen: Greene’s division to furnish one Field Officer to command the whole; which field officer will call early to morrow morning upon the Adjutant General, for the orders of the Commander in Chief.

Varick transcript, DLC:GW. The orderly book of Capt. Jacob Turner of the 3d North Carolina Regiment contains additional text at the beginning of the general orders for this date: “Every Brigade which has not furnished its Coto [quota] of Poyners [pioneers] to the Q.M Genl will do so Emediately and send them to the Q.M.G. Genrell [Anthony] Wayne’s Brigade will furnish 10 Men and Gl. [John Philip] Dehues [De Haas] 10 such as are fit for the Purpose” (“Turner’s Orderly Book,” 461; see also “Muhlenberg’s Orderly Book,” 34:172–73, and “Pa. State Regiment Orderly Book,” 201).

Turner’s orderly book also contains an order of march for the Continental army at the end of the general orders of this date: “The whole Army is to march in Columns by Sub Divisions at half distance from the left. Lord Sterling’s Division is to lead & furnish the Van Guard as hereafter directed. Genl. [Benjamin] Lincoln is to follow, Genl. [Adam] Stephens next, Genl. [Nathanael] Green last and to furnish the Rear Guards.

“The Park of Artillery is to move between Genl. Lincoln’s and Stephens’ Division. The Artillery of each Brigade is to Continue with it and be equally Divided between front & Rear. The horse except the Orderlys hereafter Mentioned are to be divided equally the 2nd or Front Division to Preceed. Genl. [William] Maxwell’s Brigade to precede the front. The Rear Division to follow Genl. [Peter] Mullenburg’s Brigade, the latter under the Command of the Senior Officer of Horse the former under the next Officer in Command.

“Genl. Maxwell’s Brigade is to compose the Van Guard and to march one mile in advance of the column. From this Brigade Proper Officers and one hundred Men will be detached and march half a mile in advance of the Brigade Preceded by one-half the horse of the second Division who are to examine all Defiles and suspected places before the Foot enters into them. The Poyners with half the Artificers are to march in the rear of the Major Guard, prepare Bridges &c. as they go; the rest of the artificers to attend the line of waggons Genl. Mulenburg’s Brigade is to form the Rear Guard in the Rear of the Colemn; from this Brigade a Regt. is to be detached to march 200 paces in the rear thereof and bring in all stragglers; in aid of this a party of 20 light horse from the Rear Division under the care of an Officer who is to search all the Houses on the road for skulking soldiers Each Brigade is to keep out flanking partys on the left as well as on the right Each Maj. Genl. directing the march is to be attended by 4 light horse men as Orderly The waggon with ammunition is to march in the rear of each Division together with empty waggons to take up such as are sick on the road; the baggage waggons to march in the same order in which the troops to which they belong to march in the line; the wagons containing intrenching tools are to move in front of the Columns of Baggage waggons Those containing biscakes are also to get with the Baggage. The settlers attached to Regts. and none others are suffered to go in the line of waggons; they are to move these waggons by themselves and follow their respective Brigades to which they belong The Baggage waggons are to halt before they come into the road which enterscepts that leading from Pursuing towards Pumpton and fall in the rear of the Army. Besides these regulations those made in Gen’l Orders the 4th instant respecting the march be strictly observed except so far as the present order differ from them and each Brigadier to see immediately that the officers of each Brigade is provided with copies of the regulations agreeable to the Orders, the M.Q. Genl. will direct the Order in which his own; the Comisary Genl., Paymaster Genl., Hospitals and spare amunition shall move” (“Turner’s Orderly Book,” 462–63).

1Boonton was on the Rockaway River in Morris County, N.J., about nine miles north of Morristown, and the site of important ironworks.

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