James Madison Papers

To James Madison from Tobias Lear, 15 March 1807

From Tobias Lear

Private & Confidential

On board the U. S. Frigate Constitution
At Sea, Off Algiers
, March 15th: 1807.

My dear Sir,

The public dispatches which accompany this, will give a full detail of all my transactions and negociations at Tunis;1 and I shall feel peculiarly happy, if the issue thereof meets the approbation of the President and yourself. The base and false aspersions which I have seen cast2 upon my conduct in the Tripoli business, in some of our unworthy public prints, gave me some pain; but I was conscious that what I had done was for the honor and best interest of our3 Country, and the effects thereof would be acknowledged, when the contemptable aspersons were4 in merited oblivion.

The more I see of Barbary Affairs, the more I am convinced that Government has been grossly imposed upon by representations made from prejudice, resentment, vanity or ignorance; and I confess I feel a little mortified to see some carressed who deserve more than censure.

I have not perhaps fulfilled the expectations of some of my friends, by sending from Barbary accounts of the Country which might be new and wonderful; nor of its curiosities and productions. Altho’ my time has been strictly devoted to my public duties, I have not been inattentive to those things; but I wish to send nothing but facts, and things of real utility, in which I hope, at some time or other, to be able to gratify my friends. I have a pleasing hope that Dr. Triplett will be of great use in these things. He has receivd some impressions I find, from my predecessor, which can be of no use to him; but serve to mislead, as some other impressions made by him have done. I shall guard the Dr. against them as much as possible, and his own observations will be of use to him5 in removing them.

We saild from Tunis Bay on the 7t, and in the same night a most furious gale of wind6 from North, attacked us, which cost the U. States some sails and rigging, and the Ship was in no small danger of going on shore; and I now write this in a heavy Gale which has kept us from running for the land for 2 days,7 altho’ we reason ourselves only a few hours sail from Algiers, as the weather is so dark & rainy that it would be dangerous to stand in toward the land.

I have not received a line from Dr. Davis since he has been in this sea. I saw a letter from him in Tunis,8 addressed to Mr. Ambrose Allegro, the Consular Secretary in Tunis, dated at Leghorn the 19th of January, in which he says he is going to Tripoli on special business for the U. States, with Mr. Paine, as Secretary of Legation, who will be left there as Consul,9 when he shall go to Tunis, as he knows nothing can be done there without him; and from thence he goes to Paris and London before he returns to the U. States, unless he should be ordered to Constantinople, of which he has some expectation.

I cannot feel too grateful to you and the President for the confidence placed in me to negociate the Tunis business, while I was so severely handled about the Tripoli Peace.10 My friends shall never have reason to blush for my conduct, while I am able to perform the duties imposed upon me.

I pray you to present my best respects to your good Mrs. Madison, and beleive me to be, with unalterable attachment and friendship, my dear Sir, Your very respectful & faithful friend

Tobias Lear

RC (DLC); RC (DNA: RG 59, CD, Algiers, vol. 7, pt. 2). Both RCs in a clerk’s hand, signed by Lear. First RC docketed by JM. Second RC marked “Triplicate.” and “at Algiers, all well”; docketed by Brent.

1For Lear’s detailed account of his negotiations in Tunis, see Lear to JM, 6 Mar. 1807, and nn. 5–6, 8–12.

2The second RC has “which have been cast.”

3The second RC has “my.”

4The second RC has “shd. be.”

5The second RC omits “to him.”

6The second RC omits “of wind.”

7From here to the end of this paragraph, the second RC has “altho’ we suppose we are only a few leagues from Algiers, as the weather is so dark and rainy that we dare not approach the coast.”

8The second RC omits “in Tunis.”

9The second RC has “who will be left as Consul in Tripoli.”

10For Lear’s negotiation of peace with Tripoli in 1805, see PJM-SS, 9:xxiv, 482, 483 n. 1, 10:14–21, 22 n. 8. Some Federalist newspapers excoriated the treaty and Lear: for example, the Boston Gazette, 17 Oct. 1805, described Lear’s motives as “weak and impolitic.”

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