Thomas Jefferson Papers

Elijah Griffiths to Thomas Jefferson, 19 January 1824

From Elijah Griffiths

Philadela January 19: 1824

Dear Sir,

It is a long time since I have heard from you, I think the last was a public account of your having suffered from a fracture of your arm, and from which I have understood you had quite recovered.

I observed by your correspondence with President Adams last year, that you both suffer from the winter season; this appears to be the universal experience1 of aged persons in cold climates, but experience has produced no remedy, that I am acquainted with, except warm rooms & warm cloathing; great numbers of weakly and aged people here wear buck-skin drawers and jackets, under their cloaths & over flannel, which appears to be one of the best protections against changes in the winter season.

An aged lady, a relative from Jersey 91 years old, spent last winter with us. She was very attentive to my reading the above correspondence, and expressed much sympathy, for she complained of the same inconvenience from winter; she had the misfortune to miss a step upon the stairs, to fall & fracture one of the bones of her leg, which however disappointed my fears, by the bone uniting as soon, and as perfectly, as that of a young person; the past summer she made a visit to the mountainous part of East Jersey, about 150 miles from here, where she spends the winter, with an expectation of returning next summer.

Now if you should find your strength sufficient, & feel inclined to visit us next summer, it would be a great gratification to your old friends, as well as to all classes of our citizens; but this is a greater pleasure than we can allow ourselves to anticipate.—

We are at present in a very disordered state relative to the next President. There appears to be as many parties, as there are candidates. The supporters of Genl Jackson are by far the most intemperate and intolerant; indeed if he were in power, & his administration partook of the temper of his advocates here, we might not2 be surprised to find the people of these states, in a short time, employing themselves in cuting each-others throats; but I hope if he is ever elected to the Presidency, he will disavow all such advocates. They are composed of a few sober citizens, who expect from his energy of character a reform of what they believe to be some public abuses in the management of the general Government. Another Class, are composed of young men out of employment, who consider the name of Genl Jackson & war synonimous. A third portion of his apparently warm advocates, are composed of federalists & offcast democrats,3 who make common cause, in mixing in all public meetings & creating as much confusion & disorder as they can, by using Genl Jacksons name & popularity, to divide and distract the party, & thereby promote the success of their own candidate, their ultimate object is, divide & conquer.

The great body of the democratic strength in this state, is divided between Mess. Crawford & Calhoun. Which of them could obtain the vote of the party at this time, is hard to decide, but I think Mr Crawford is gaining,4 altho’ our members of congress lean toward Mr Calhoun. This is the Findlay interest, or post office party, lead by the Franklin Gazette; they fear to trust their candidate in a congressional nomination; this appears to be the case with all the parties, except the friends of Mr Crawford. Unless Genl Jackson officially declines, his friends will run him in this state, which will be very likely to make the federal ticket prevail.

I see by the public prints, that attempts have been made to involve your name in the political struggle for the Presidency. It is believed that your shewing a preference for any one of the candidates, would tend to concentrate public opinion in his favor, & almost ensure his election; but I suppose you would be very unwilling to disturb your private comfort, unless the public good imperiously called for such a sacrafice. Since writing the above, it is reported, that Jacksons party is increasing at the seat of the state government, & some are inclined to think, he will be our prevailing candidate; if so, it may prevent this state from being thrown into the federal scale, & disappoint some of5 those, who have been most active in pushing his name here.

The winter, with us, has been very mild till this day, it is now cold & snows, but heretofore it was so mild as to promote vegetation.

A fever of the mixed type, but evidently of the remittent bilious character, has prevaild throughout thi[s] country, as an epidemic, the last three summers. There has been, I presume, as much sickness as is common in the low marshy country of the southern states; but not equally fatal.

The small-pox has become epidemic since winter, and much more so than ever I knew it before; very many persons have taken a modified form of it, after perfect vaccination; but the disease in such cases, appears to have lost, from one half, to nine tenths, of its primary force.

In hopes you are in the enjoyment of all the happiness that this frail state will admit of, I tender you the best wishes of my heart

Elijah Griffiths

RC (DLC); edge chipped; at foot of text: “Thomas Jefferson Esqr”; endorsed by TJ as received 27 Jan. 1824 and so recorded in SJL.

The correspondence with president adams last year was actually TJ to John Adams, 1 June 1822, and Adams to TJ, 11 June 1822.

On 9 Jan. 1824 Virginia J. Randolph (Trist) described the 1823–24 winter season at Monticello in a letter from that place to her future husband, Nicholas P. Trist: “we have had, so far, one of the mildest winters, I have ever known, the Thermometer has never fallen below 24, & has frequently been as high as 40 & 50. a bright sun, has almost persuaded us occasionally, that Spring had actually arrived, & Grand Papa begun to entertain serious apprehensions for the fruit. however the sky is now overcast, and I fear a snow will soon remind us of the true season” (RC in NcU: NPT). The comparatively warm weather ended by 1 Feb. 1824, when Ellen W. Randolph (Coolidge) complained in a letter to Anna Payne Cutts of the “sudden change to severe cold … to day the thermometer stands at 14° above zero” (RC in ViU: Richard Cutts Papers).

The findlay interest probably refers to William Findlay, a senator from Pennsylvania who, joined by other Republicans in that state’s delegation, publicly argued against holding a congressional caucus for the nomination of president and vice president. Such a meeting was, nonetheless, held on 14 Feb. 1824 and nominated William H. Crawford for president. In response, a state party convention held in Harrisburg on 4 Mar. condemned the caucus’s action as a “flagrant departure from the established usage of the republican party, being held by a minority” and “in total disregard and contempt of the voice of the people,” and it instead nominated Andrew Jackson (Washington Daily National Intelligencer, 14 Jan., 14 Feb. 1824; Baltimore Niles’ Weekly Register, 13 Mar. 1824).

Starting in the summer of 1823 a number of public prints speculated on TJ’s presidential choices. On 5 Aug. the Albany Argus summarized this debate as it stood at that point: “The Patriot, in the fullness of its wisdom, declares that the letter of Mr. J. from the Cherry Valley Gazette, if it bears any construction, is favourable to Mr. Clay. The Commercial Advertiser announces, gravely enough, that ‘it is clearly understood among the knowing ones, that he is a Clintonian; and that next to Mr. Clinton he prefers Mr. Adams!’” By January 1824 TJ’s possible preference for Crawford was being discussed (Boston Commercial Gazette and Richmond Enquirer, both 8 Jan. 1824).

1Manuscript: “experiece.”

2Word interlined.

3Manuscript: “democrts.”

4Griffiths here canceled “ground.”

5Preceding two words interlined.

Index Entries

  • Adams, John; and correspondence with TJ search
  • Adams, John Quincy; presidential prospects of search
  • Albany Argus (newspaper) search
  • Calhoun, John Caldwell; presidential prospects of search
  • Clay, Henry; presidential prospects of search
  • Clinton, DeWitt; presidential prospects of search
  • clothing; buckskin search
  • clothing; flannel search
  • clothing; winter search
  • Congress, U.S.; and presidential elections search
  • Coolidge, Ellen Wayles Randolph (TJ’s granddaughter); on weather search
  • Crawford, William Harris; presidential candidacy of search
  • Cutts, Anna Payne (Richard Cutts’s wife) search
  • Federalist party; and presidential election of1824 search
  • fevers; bilious search
  • fevers; epidemic search
  • Findlay, William; as U.S. senator search
  • flannel; clothing search
  • Franklin Gazette (Philadelphia newspaper) search
  • Griffiths, Elijah; letters from search
  • Griffiths, Elijah; on aging search
  • Griffiths, Elijah; on epidemics search
  • Griffiths, Elijah; on politics search
  • Griffiths, Elijah; on weather search
  • health; fractured bones search
  • health; smallpox search
  • health; smallpox vaccination search
  • Jackson, Andrew; presidential prospects of search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Health; broken arm search
  • leather; buckskin clothing search
  • medicine; smallpox vaccination search
  • newspapers; Albany Argus search
  • newspapers; PhiladelphiaFranklin Gazette search
  • newspapers; politics of search
  • Pennsylvania; party politics in search
  • politics; and newspapers search
  • politics; elections search
  • politics; TJ avoids political debates search
  • public health; epidemics search
  • Republican party; and election of1824 search
  • scientific instruments; thermometers search
  • smallpox; vaccinations search
  • textiles; flannel search
  • thermometers; and meteorological observations search
  • trees; fruit search
  • Trist, Nicholas Philip; correspondence with V. J. R. Trist search
  • Trist, Virginia Jefferson Randolph (TJ’s granddaughter); correspondence with N. P. Trist search
  • Trist, Virginia Jefferson Randolph (TJ’s granddaughter); on weather search
  • United States; and presidential election of1824 search
  • weather; cold search
  • weather; effect on crops search
  • weather; effect on health search
  • weather; fair search
  • weather; snow search
  • weather; temperature readings search