Thomas Jefferson Papers

John Davis to Thomas Jefferson, 3 January 1824

From John Davis

Worcester. Mass. Jany 3d 1824

Sir.

Having understood, that you are friendly to the exertions which have for some years been making in this part of our Country to reestablish the christian religion upon its primitive basis, & to purify its doctrines from the creeds and dogmas of Athanasius & Calvin, I have taken the liberty to send you by mail (this being the only mode of communication of which I can avail myself) a volume1 of sermons delivered before the second parish in this town by the Revd Dr. Bancroft its minister.

They are as you will learn from perusal designed more for useful purposes, than for a display of theological learning, and were originally written without any expectation of their being put to the press, but were printed at the urgent request of a large number of the authors hearers.

Dr. Bancroft has from the commencment of his preaching been an undeviating Unitarian—He has been a labourer in the vinyard here about forty years, and during the whole of that period has given great satisfaction to a congreation highly respectable for learning and intelligence—In the early part of his career of usefulness, he stood almost alone, the neighbouring ministers being mostly Calvinists “according to the strictest sect” and opposed to an interchange of ministerial offices and of Christian fellowship—Now nearly one half of the parishes in this section of the Country are decidedly Unitarian, although the most strenuous efforts are, & have been daily made to check the progress of this growing heresy by denouncing the believers in this doctrine as infidels & seeking every opportunity to deny them the Christian character

The labors of Dr. Bancroft have certainly contributed much to promote the cause of rational Religion by reconciling to the reason and understanding of his hearers the doctrines of Jesus Christ; not that those doctrines are not of themselves revealed in a manner the most clear and intelligible, but as they have been corrupted by the strange interpretation of fanatics, it required a recurrence to the scriptu[res] and a careful examination of the truths contained in them, to separate the doctrines of primitive christianity from the doctrines of infatuated men—this he has done, and has had the fortitude to meet and overcome the difficuilties which are so forcibly and pleasantly described by the late Bishop Hare in a vein of rich & pungent satire in his Essay upon the discouragments attending the study of the scriptures—Christianity is now fast supplanting the religion of Calvin and the bible taking the place of human creeds—The light of truth is strong and steady and will, it is hoped, before long, dissipate the darkness which the Reformation left behind it—The time has come when the denunciations of Popes and fanatics carry with them little terror, ubi sentire quae velis, et quae sentias dicere licet, because there is no power to kindle the fagot.—

If this book affords sufficent gratification to compensate for the labor of perusal, I shall feel that I am justified in the liberty, I have taken in transmitting it to you.

Respectfully Your Obt Servt
John Davis
of Worcester. Massts

RC (DLC); edge torn; at foot of text: “His Excey Thos. Jefferson Monticello. Vir.”; endorsed by TJ as received 13 Jan. 1824 and so recorded in SJL. Enclosure: Aaron Bancroft, Sermons on those Doctrines of the Gospel, and on those Constituent Principles of the Church, which Christian Professors have made the subject of controversy (Worcester, 1822; Poor, Jefferson’s Library, 10 [no. 544]).

John Davis (1787–1854), attorney and public official, was born in Northborough, Massachusetts. He studied at Leicester Academy, graduated from Yale College (later Yale University) in 1812, and was admitted to the bar in 1815. Davis was in Worcester by 1823, having formed a partnership for a time with Levi Lincoln, TJ’s first attorney general. Davis sat in the United States House of Representatives, 1825–34, was a four-term governor of Massachusetts, 1834–35 and 1841–43, and served in the United States Senate, 1835–41 and 1845–53, after which he retired from public life. He began his political career as a Federalist and was later a longtime leader of the Whig Party in Massachusetts. Davis was a leading spokesman for New England interests favoring protective tariffs, an opponent of Andrew Jackson, and generally a supporter of Henry Clay. He married a daughter of Aaron Bancroft in 1822, and he was president of the American Antiquarian Society from 1853 until his death in Worcester. In 1850 Davis owned real estate valued at $14,000 (ANB; DAB; Dexter, Yale Biographies, 6:461–6; Biog. Dir. Cong.; Worcester Massachusetts Spy, 7 May 1823; Massachusetts Spy and Worcester Advertiser, 21 July 1824; DNA: RG 29, CS, Mass., Worcester, 1850; Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society [1853]: 18; Boston Daily Atlas, 20 Apr. 1854).

The phrase according to the strictest sect is adapted from the Bible, Acts 26.5. Francis hare, bishop of Chichester, was the author of The Difficulties and Discouragements Which attend the Study of the Scriptures In the Way of Private Judgment (2d ed., London, 1714). ubi sentire quae velis, et quae sentias dicere licet (“in which we may feel what we wish and may say what we feel”) is from Tacitus, Histories, 1.1 (Tacitus, trans. Maurice Hutton, William Peterson, Clifford H. Moore, John Jackson, and others, Loeb Classical Library [1914–37; rev. 1970; repr. ca. 2006], 2:4–5).

1Manuscript: “volum.”

Index Entries

  • Athanasius, Saint; creed of search
  • Bancroft, Aaron; Sermons on those Doctrines of the Gospel, and on those Constituent Principles of the Church, which Christian Professors have made the subject of controversy search
  • Bible; Acts referenced search
  • Bible; study of search
  • Calvin, John; as religious leader search
  • Calvinism; clergy of search
  • Catholicism; criticized search
  • Christianity; and Christian primitivism search
  • Christianity; works on search
  • Davis, John (1787–1854); and A. Bancroft’sSermons on those Doctrines of the Gospel, and on those Constituent Principles of the Church, which Christian Professors have made the subject of controversy search
  • Davis, John (1787–1854); identified search
  • Davis, John (1787–1854); letter from search
  • Hare, Francis; The Difficulties and Discouragements Which attend the Study of the Scriptures In the Way of Private Judgment search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Books & Library; works sent to search
  • Jesus; doctrines of search
  • religion; Calvinism search
  • religion; Catholicism search
  • religion; Unitarianism search
  • religion; works on search
  • Sermons on those Doctrines of the Gospel, and on those Constituent Principles of the Church, which Christian Professors have made the subject of controversy (A. Bancroft) search
  • Tacitus, Cornelius; quoted by J. Davis search
  • The Difficulties and Discouragements Which attend the Study of the Scriptures In the Way of Private Judgment (F. Hare) search
  • Unitarianism; in New England search
  • Unitarianism; works on search