Thomas Jefferson Papers
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Enclosure: Amos Hamlin’s Meteorological Observations, [by 12 January 1818]

Enclosure

Amos Hamlin’s Meteorological Observations

[by 12 Jan. 1818]

Meteorological observations1 made at Durham, Greene County New York in Lat. 42° 28′ N for the years 1816 & 1817 by Amos Hamlin: 

1816 Months Thermometer

Farenheits scale Mean Temperature
Prevailing Wind. Days Weather—
of Aur Borealis of Rain of Thunder of Snow of Tempest
January 23°1231 W & NW. 2 8 Fair & pleasant, Cloudy & windy
February 26 829 NW 2 4 Variable
March 32 1231 SE 3 2 5 1 Fair, Cloudy
April 44 1230 NW 2 2 1 5 2 Fair, Cloudy & windy, fair
May 55 631 W & Variable 1 14 3 3 Cloudy & wet, fair
June 63 330 NW 8 4 1 1 Fair cold & wet
July 66 2231 Variable 7 2 Fair cold & dry
August 68 2131 W. 1 1 Fair & very dry
September 59 430 SE 1 5 1 Fair cold & dry
October 52 1331 Variable 7 1 1 Fair & dry, Cloudy & wet
November 41 2130 SW 5 3 Fair & pleasant
December 29 1331 Calm & Varia 1 1 3 1 Fair & smoky Cloudy & wet
Result of 1816 14 Feb. Greatest Degree of Cold 7 below Zero NW 4 57 16 33 5 The year has been very Healthy & the seasons dry and unproductive—Very few Deaths have happened in this County the Year past
16 July Greatest Do of Heat 93
Variation 100
Temperature of the Year. 46°220366
 
1817 Months Thermometer

Farenheits Scale Mean Temperature
Prevailing Wind Days Weather
of Aur Borealis of Rain of Thunder of Snow of Tempest
January 22°231 NW 3 1 8 4 Cloudy & windy
February 18 1528 N.W & Varia. 1 2 8 2 Cloudy cold & windy
March 32 431 E & Variable 5 1 3 1 Variable weather
April 45 2230 W & NW 3 2 3 Fair & windy,2
May 55 2231 Variable 9 1 1 Fair & smoky, Wet
June 61 1330 W—SE 15 5 A wet & growing season
July 69 2531 SE 8 3 Fair & pleasant
August 68 1831 SW 12 4 Cloudy & very wet
September 61 1830 SE—Varia 10 2 1 Fair, warm & wet
October 47 2731 Variable 5 1 1 Fair & cold
November 40 2330 SW 6 1 Fair—Variable
December 28 1731 SE 8 1 6 1 Fair & pleasant
Result of 1817 14 Feb Greatest Degree of Cold 16 below Zero S.E. 1 86 20 29 12
18 July Greatest Degree of Heat 92° The Year has been very wet & the Earth has yielded in abundance, we have a bountiful Crop of Grass, Fruit and all kinds of Grain, except Indian Corn—Th[e] season has been too wet & cold to bring Maize to maturity—The seasons have been very healthy no Disease has prevailed as an Epidemic in this County in the Year 1817
Variation 108
Temperature of the Year 45°290365

The Village where these observations were made is situated on the Turnpike road leading from Catskill to the Susquehannah river at the foot of the catskill Mountain where the road Crosses the same & is elevated about 700 feet above the surface of the Hudson River—The mountain in that place ranges generally from N.W. to S.E. so that the Village is situated on the NE. side of the same—The Thermometer was placed on the north side of the House in the open air, about six feet from the Ground in a shade—Unwearied care has been taken to assertain the exact Temperature of each day3

The season of the year 1816 was uncommonly unproductive owin[g to?] extreme drought—Wheat & Rye have yielded a tolerable Crop—Grass [. . .] Oats about two thirds of a Common crop, but Indian Corn, Buck-whea[t] Potatoes & Garden vegitables have almost intirely failed in this p[art] of the Country


Temperature of the month of January 1815  23°231
  Do of February 1815 28°828

MS (DLC: TJ Papers, 212:37796–7); written in Hamlin’s hand on one side of a large sheet, with tables of 1816 and 1817 observations adjacent to each other and author’s heading spread across both; undated; edge damaged.

1Manuscript: “oberservations.”

2Hamlin here erased “Wet.”

3Preceding paragraph is beneath table of 1816 observations, with remainder of text beneath 1817 observations.

Index Entries

  • agriculture; and weather search
  • buckwheat search
  • corn; effect of weather on search
  • crops; buckwheat search
  • crops; oats search
  • crops; potatoes search
  • crops; rye search
  • Durham, N.Y.; meteorological observations in search
  • Hamlin, Amos; and meteorological observations search
  • meteorological observations; by A. Hamlin search
  • New York (state); meteorological observations in search
  • oats; as crop search
  • potatoes search
  • rye; as crop search
  • scientific instruments; thermometers search
  • thermometers; and meteorological observations search
  • weather; cold search
  • weather; drought search
  • weather; effect on crops search
  • weather; heat search
  • weather; in N.Y. search
  • weather; rain search
  • weather; snow search
  • weather; temperature readings search
  • weather; wind search
  • wheat; as crop search