To Thomas Jefferson from Ann Welsh, 23 November 1804
From Ann Welsh
New London Novr. 23th. 1804
Sir,
Presuming on the readiness which your Excell. has ever shewn to assist the Injur’d, the distress’d and the Widow, induces me tho’ unknown to you, to solicit your advice, on a matter in wich I am deeply Interested—the high Character you bear would have forever clos’d my moth in Silence had not dire necessity, forc’d me to make this Application to you as the last resource—Your Excely. will permit me to relate the matter to you, when I shall leave it with you Sir to take such measures as your heart may dictate to relieve a widow, whose thanks will be all in her power to return—a widow whose sufferings for her Country, in the lose of a Husband & Brother, on whom alone she depended for Subsistance—certainly demands Justice; if no more of that country in whose service both there lives were sacreficd—
Not to trouble you too much, Sir, I will begin with my Story—I am the widow of Capt. Jono. Welsh, who Commanded the marines in the unfortunate Attack upon Penobscoth, in which he lost his life bravely fighting at the head of the1— the loss of my Husband left me in very Disagreeable circumstances, which the kindness of a Brother in some measure relieved—this Brother was Capt. Geo. Hurlbut who Commanded a company of light Hose in Sheldons Regt. till in defending a vessel with stores in the N. River (for which he had the Honour of receving Genl. Washington thanks in Genl. Orders)2 he reciev’d a wound, under which he languished till the 8th. day of May 1783, when he exppir’d—haveing sufferd the most excruciating pain beyond the power of Language to express—
This deserving Brother having made a will in my favour & appointed me Excet.—I have applied to the former administration for the Commutation Notes due him by a Mr. Coit who was of the political party then3 in power, the petition was rejected (as I suppose) principally on account of the political principles of its advocat, tho so small a recompence for a life spent & lost in the service of (I am sorry to say) an ungratfull Country—they allowed the Justice of my demand, had not Congress said that the war did not end untill the signing the treaty—but my demand was made on the ground that Congress had Contracted to pay the Commutation notes to Officers who died after that peread, to me it seems ungratfull, for my part, I cannot see why my Brother having died a few months befor the signing the definetive treaty should render him less deserving of public notise than others who died after that event—Has he not fought as bravely and died as Gloriously—has he not served & perished in the same great cause to these truths, Sir, let Genl. Washington Certificate Attest—Were I not perswaded that it is a Just cause I should not be thus earnest but of this I am perswaded, not by my own judgment only but by that of Genl Washington the Saviour of our Country in the most pointed manner in a Letter & Certificate a copy of which will be enclosed, the Original, in his own hand writing is among the papers of Congress
I presume was there a petition laid before our republican Administration who feel the spirit of ’76 & who with the great Washington the Saviour of our Country would Shudder at the thought that those heroes who fought bled & died in the great cause of Liberty and that the Petition of the widow should be neglected, I might flatter myself with sucess—that, Washington had these feeling let his letter attest which says it is an ungratfull Country that it is not granted me
To you Sir I look for relief—having tried every other method without effect for the recovery of the Commutation notes, You know the fatigues of war, you was the friend of Washington, may I flatter myself that you like Washington will plead the widows cause—
I wrote the Honbl. Joseph H. Nicholson the last session of Congress stating my case fully praying his Assistance, as it was near the Close of the session I receved no answer, I have writen him a few days past, praying him to bestow a little Attention to my Petition—may I presume to ask you Excely. to advice with Mr Nicholson upon the subject—
Pardon me, Sir, if I have taken too much on myself by writeing my sentiments thus freely; when you advert to the accumalated distresses by losing in the publick service valuable freinds who were near and Dear to my Heart—I think it will apologize for me to the Benevalent & Humane—had I possessed a decent competence, and a constitution more fitted to repel want by my own efforts, I should long since have ceased to call on the Justice of my country who have too much forgotten the fatigues & hardship of our Soldiers in our revolution—
Should your Excellancy think it beneath’ your notice to interest yourself for me, I must sit down in dispair—every thing Sir, is in your Power—they will not surely refuse the Presedent of thier Country in his Application for Justice to a widowed Orphan—as a reward Sir you will recive the thanks of Your Excellency Obleg’d and very
Humble Servt.
Ann Welsh
RC (DLC); at head of text: “His Excellency Thomas Jefferson”; endorsed by TJ as received 2 Dec. and so recorded in SJL. Enclosure: George Washington to Ann Welsh, 8 Dec. 1788, in reply to Welsh’s letter of 12 Nov.; Washington conveys distress “that a Lady, whose husband and Brother perished in the service of their country, should be reduced to a precarious dependence on others,” but explains that as a private citizen he can do nothing to help except enclose a “certificate of the facts” for her use in petitioning the government; the certificate states that in Washington’s private opinion the brave actions of George Hurlbut and his death “after the war was in fact concluded by the signature of the provisional Treaty of Peace” entitles his heirs to the commutation of his half pay (Pres. Ser., 1:105-7, 170-1).
,Ann Hurlbut Welsh (ca. 1752-1832) of New London, Connecticut, was the widow of Irish-born John Welsh, who died during the 1779 American siege on Fort George at the mouth of the Penobscot River in present-day Maine. Welsh’s claim to her brother’s half pay was rejected first by the commissioner of army accounts directly after the war and then repeatedly by Congress, beginning in 1787 and continuing until her death. Congress recognized the claim in 1834 and made appropriate compensation to the Hurlbut estate (Pres. Ser., 1:106-7; Aurora, 21 Dec. 1797; , 8:151; 10:495; 17:356; , 6:589; New-London Gazette, and General Advertiser, 18 Apr. 1832; Philadelphia Pennsylvania Packet or the General Advertiser, 14 Sep. 1779).
,In his general order of 17 July 1781, Washington commended Elisha Sheldon’s second regiment of light dragoons for having successfully protected American ships at Tarrytown during a recent invasion by British forces. The order singled out four men for their “gallant behaviour” and “spirited exertions,” including the wounded George Hurlbut (John C. Fitzpatrick, ed., The Writings of George Washington, 39 vols. [Washington, D.C., 1931-44], 22:392).
New London Federalist Joshua Coit served in the House of Representatives from 1793 to 1798 (Biog. Dir. Cong.).
1. Thus in MS.
2. Opening parenthesis supplied by Editors.
3. Word interlined in place of “now.”