RC (ViW); with drawing and description of mangle on verso of address sheet; addressed: “His Excellency Thomas Jefferson Esqr. Presidant of the United States”; endorsed by TJ as received 17 June and so recorded in SJL.

William Lovering, formerly of London, worked in Washington, Georgetown, and Alexandria as an architect, surveyor, and builder. In 1796 he supplied Robert Morris and John Nicholson with plans for the construction of 20 houses along the Square at South Capitol Street. By 1809, he relocated to Philadelphia, where he planned to teach architecture and carpentry (Alexandria Advertiser, 9 Oct. 1797; Alexandria Daily Advertiser, 11 Aug. 1804; Poulson’s American Daily Advertiser, 26 Aug. 1809; Bryan, National Capital description begins Wilhelmus B. Bryan, A History of the National Capital from Its Foundation through the Period of the Adoption of the Organic Act, New York, 1914–16, 2 vols. description ends , 1:278–9).

John BRIESLER served as steward in the Adams family for nearly twenty years and managed their households in Massachusetts, England, and France, as well as the President’s House in Washington (Seale, The President’s House description begins William Seale, The President’s House, Washington, D.C., 1986, 2 vols. description ends , 1:83).

MANGLE: a large box device filled with stones and attached to a wooden frame, this laundry invention was widely used in sixteenth-century Holland, Denmark, and Germany, and was later modi?ed and adopted in the United States. A launderer wrapped clean, damp linen around wooden rollers placed under the box and used a crank handle or strap to move the box trundle forward and back over the rollers, producing a high standard of pressed linen (OED description begins J. A. Simpson and E. S. C. Weiner, eds., The Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford, 1989, 20 vols. description ends ; Ian McNeil, ed., An Encyclopaedia of the History of Technology [New York, 2002], 932).