1. For the struggles of Dolley Madison’s younger brother, John C. Payne, with alcohol and debt, see PJM-RS, description begins David B. Mattern et al., eds., The Papers of James Madison: Retirement Series (2 vols. to date; Charlottesville, Va., 2009–). description ends 1:401 n. 1. As one of numerous attempts to help him change his dissolute habits, Dolley sent him to Lexington, Kentucky, with their sister, Lucy Payne Washington Todd, and her new husband Thomas Todd, in the spring of 1812. By the end of that year Payne was serving under Morrison in the quartermaster’s department of the Northwest Army, and on 19 May 1813 he was appointed a captain and assistant deputy quartermaster general. He remained with the Northwest Army at least until January 1814 but may have had a relapse and been discreetly sent back to Washington around that time. A year later, Morrison wrote from Washington to JM’s kinsman and long-time correspondent James Taylor, asking if Taylor could provide employment for Payne in Kentucky (Mattern and Shulman, Selected Letters of Dolley Payne Madison, 158–59, 161, 163; PJM-PS, description begins Robert A. Rutland et al., eds., The Papers of James Madison: Presidential Series (8 vols. to date; Charlottesville, Va., 1984–). description ends 5:500; Heitman, Historical Register, description begins Francis B. Heitman, Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army, from Its Organization, September 29, 1789, to March 2, 1903 (2 vols.; 1903; reprint, Baltimore, 1994). description ends 1:777; Esarey, Messages and Letters of William Henry Harrison, Indiana Historical Collections, 2:625–26; Taylor to Morrison, 23 Jan. 1815, filed with Morrison to Richard Cutts, 17 Feb. 1815, ViU: Richard Cutts Papers, Special Collections).

2. Todd evidently omitted to write “ment” here.