Thomas Jefferson Papers
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To Thomas Jefferson from James Madison, 28 April 1794

From James Madison

Phila. Apl. 28. 1794.

Dear Sir

I have received yours of the 3d. instant. I have already informed you of my having forwarded you the French Edition of Milton received from E.R. Cortez’s letters are not come to hand. It seems that Blake by whom you expected them is not the person thro’ whom the Milton came, and that he is not yet arrived. The correspondence with Hammond has been forwarded in detachments by Col. Monroe.

The non-importation bill has passed the H. of Reps. by 59. against 34. It will probably miscarry in the Senate. It prohibits all articles of British or Irish production after the 1st. Novr. until the claims of the U.S. be adjusted and satisfied. The appointment of H. as envoy Extry. was likely to produce such a sensation that to his great mortification he was laid aside, and Jay named in his place. The appointment of the latter would have been difficult in the Senate, but for some adventitious causes. There were 10 votes against him in one form of the opposition and 8 on the direct question. As a resignation of his Judiciary character might, for any thing known to the Senate, have been intended to follow his acceptance of the Ex. trust, the ground of incompatibility could not support the objections, which, since it has appeared that such a resignation was no part of the arrangement, are beginning to be pressed in the Newspapers. If animadversions are undertaken by skilful hands, there is no measure of the Ex. administration perhaps that will be found more severely vulnerable.

The English prints breathe an unabated zeal for the war against France. The Minister carries every thing as usual in Parlt. notwithstanding the miscarriages at Toulon &c., and his force will be much increased by the taking of Martinique and the colouring it will give to the W. India prospects. Nothing further appears as to the views prevailing in relation to us. The latter accounts from the W. Inds. since the new Instruction of Jany. 8. are rather favorable to the Merchants and alleviate their resentments: so that G.B. seems to have derived from the excess of her aggressions a title to commit them in a less degree with impunity. The French arms continue to prosper, tho’ no very capital event is brought by the latest arrivals.

RC (DLC: Madison Papers); unsigned; endorsed by TJ as received 6 May 1794 and so recorded in SJL.

For the vote on the non-importation bill, see note to Madison to TJ, 14 Apr. 1794. On 16 Apr. 1794 President Washington submitted the nomination of John Jay as Envoy Extraordinary to Great Britain to the Senate, where three days later, after a series of intricate parliamentary maneuvers, the appointment was confirmed by a vote of 18 to 8, with Virginia Senators James Monroe and John Taylor among those voting in the negative (JEP description begins Journal of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate of the United States … to the Termination of the Nineteenth Congress, Washington, D.C., 1828 description ends , i, 150–2). The minister: William Pitt. For the English capture of Martinique, see Philadelphia Gazette, 17 Apr. 1794. New instruction of Jany. 8.: see note to James Monroe to TJ, 2 Apr. 1794.

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