Thomas Jefferson Papers

Charles Willson Peale to Thomas Jefferson, 29 October 1822

From Charles Willson Peale

Philadelphia Octr 29. 1822.

Dear Sir

Your favor of the 22d instant I recieved yesterday, and devolving in my mind what I could best do to serve you, determined to take the springs from my traveling Poligraph, made of Brass wire, which perhaps are better than those made of Silver, unless the silver should have considerable of alloy, and the wire drawn very hard. I believe I have some of the Wire left of which your springs are made, perhaps sufficient to make a sett for your Poligraph, which I promise myself to do as soon as I can make the apparatus for winding the wire, as in the revolution of things in the Stadt-house; the work-shop pulled down to please some discontented members of the Corporation (I should not blame more than two of that body, at least all the others appeared friendly to my labours) all my tools are scattered and many lost. so much for being under obligations to public Bodies, but I forbear to trouble you with my complaints and suffering—The Elastic-Gum hardens with the change of weather, but what is worse it becomes very hard by age, other wise it might be cut into a long string by circular cut of an Elastic bottle. The brass wire springs will last a great length of time provided no crease touch it. If by accident the springs are stretched too long, by giving the whole band a turn or two the evil is remedied, but why should I be thus particular to a gentleman of your mechanical resourses, it’s1 unnecessary.   I am rejoised to hear of your good health, I remember that when you gave me your Pedometer, you told me that you should not use it, on account of a complaint of your2 hip. I am a poor Phisician, yet I want no aid of medical men; I trust to the aid of nature, giving her fair play, to cure every evil happening to me. I must tell you that for the good use of my limbs I make it my constant practice to rub all my mustles togather with all my strength, not with a Brush, but with my hands. this I concieve removes all obstructions. for the purpose I take this exercise Naked. and I am at this moment as active as ever I have been when younger,—I never miss a meal, but eat only what I concieve is best to promote good health.   My Eye sight is improving. I paint without spectacles—but my hearing is bad, perhaps injured by some of my experiments to get relief. although I loose some enjoyments, yet I need not hear any thing disagreable.

Having obtained an act of Incorparation of the Museum my mind is releaved about the disposal of it at my decease. it can not be divided, but the profits of Income I can give to my Children as I please—All of them are Married, I board at present with my youngest Son, Titian. And my Son Rubens having purchased Rembrandts Museum at Baltimore, the Management of the Philada Museum (such I have named it) devolves on me, and I have taken the aid of my Sons Franklin & Titian to make it deserving of public favor.

The Trustee’s of the Museum having requested me to paint a whole length Portrait of myself to be placed in the Museum, I have made the design as I have conceived appropriate. with my right hand I raise a Curtain to show the subjects of Natural history arranged in the long Room of the Stadt-house—Standing at the east end of the room, the range of birds westward in their classical arrangement, The Portraits of the revolutionary characters over them. My Pallet & pencils on a table behind me. As the bones of the Mammoth first gave the Idea of a Museum, I have placed a number of them on the floor by the Table, and instead of the Mineral Casses on the North side of the Room I have given a faint Idea of the Skeleton of the Mammoth, beyond it quadrupieds—A large wild Turkey (dead) laying on a tool box, with an open drawer showing preserving tools, this in3 the foreground, the bones & this in my best finish, at the further end of the room is a figure with folded arms in meditation. nearer is a gentleman instructing his Son, who holds a book, still nearer is a quaker lady in asstonishment, looking at the Mammoth Skeleton; with up lifted hands.

The light I have choosen for my Portrait is novel, and before I made a beginning of the large picture, I made a tryal on a small canvis to know if I could make the likeness sufficiently striking.4 My back is towards the light, so that there is no direct light except on my bald-pate, the whole face5 being in a reflected light. you may readily conceive that it required a considerable knowledge of middle tincts to make a striking likeness—and whether it is Novelty of this mode of Portrait painting that captivates the Connoisours of the Art, but so it is, that I have great encomions on the work. from Artists as well as others.

The springs I have enclosed with the hope that they will relieve your rist of its burden—and let me add that I shall ever be happy to assist you by any thing I can do to make you comfortable, as I well know that you freely give your labours for the benifit of Mankind—

believe me with very great respect your friend

C W Peale

RC (DLC); ink stained and torn at seal, with missing text supplied from PoC; at foot of text: “Thomas Jefferson Esqr Virginia”; endorsed by TJ as received 2 Nov. 1822 and so recorded in SJL. PoC (PPAmP: Peale Letterbook).

TJ’s letter to Peale of the 22d instant was actually dated 23 Oct. 1822. stadt-house: “city hall,” the Pennsylvania State House (later known as Independence Hall). Peale’s difficult negotiations with the Philadelphia corporation centered on structural changes he had made in his museum there and its rental cost (Peale, Papers description begins Lillian B. Miller and others, eds., The Selected Papers of Charles Willson Peale and His Family, 1983– , 5 vols. in 6 description ends , 4:6–7).

During his years in Paris, TJ acquired more than one pedometer, giving one to James Madison and keeping another that he used to measure his own stride and walking pace (PTJ description begins Julian P. Boyd, Charles T. Cullen, John Catanzariti, Barbara B. Oberg, James P. McClure, and others, eds., The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, 1950– , 45 vols. description ends , 11:483, 484n; MB description begins James A. Bear Jr. and Lucia C. Stanton, eds., Jefferson’s Memorandum Books: Accounts, with Legal Records and Miscellany, 1767–1826, 1997, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Second Series description ends , 1:630). The date that TJ gave this pedometer to Peale is unknown. On 1 Feb. 1821 Peale obtained an act of incorparation from the Pennsylvania legislature for the Philadelphia Museum Company (Peale, Papers description begins Lillian B. Miller and others, eds., The Selected Papers of Charles Willson Peale and His Family, 1983– , 5 vols. in 6 description ends , 4:1–2).

Images of Peale’s whole length portrait, The Artist in His Museum (1822), and his preliminary tryal on a small canvis for this painting are reproduced elsewhere in this volume.

1Manuscript: “i’ts.”

2Manuscript: “you.”

3Manuscript: “in on.”

4Manuscript: “stricking.”

5Word interlined.

Index Entries

  • Baltimore, Md.; museums in search
  • birds; artistic representations of search
  • exercise, physical; and health search
  • eyeglasses search
  • gum; elastic search
  • health; and diet search
  • health; hearing loss search
  • health; vision loss search
  • household articles; elastic gum search
  • household articles; wire search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Health; hip pain search
  • machines; polygraph search
  • Madison, James (1751–1836); and pedometer from TJ search
  • mastodon (mammoth, Ohio); at Philadelphia Museum search
  • museums; in Baltimore search
  • museums; Philadelphia Museum search
  • natural history; artistic representations of search
  • natural history; museums of search
  • paintings; and C. W. Peale search
  • paintings; and light search
  • paintings; composition of search
  • Peale, Benjamin Franklin; and Philadelphia Museum search
  • Peale, Charles Willson; and mastodon search
  • Peale, Charles Willson; and pedometer from TJ search
  • Peale, Charles Willson; and Philadelphia Museum search
  • Peale, Charles Willson; and polygraph search
  • Peale, Charles Willson; as artist search
  • Peale, Charles Willson; family of search
  • Peale, Charles Willson; health of search
  • Peale, Charles Willson; letters from search
  • Peale, Charles Willson; self portrait search
  • Peale, Charles Willson; The Artist in His Museum search
  • Peale, Charles Willson; The Artist in His Museum (study) search
  • Peale, Rembrandt; Baltimore museum of search
  • Peale, Rubens; Baltimore museum of search
  • Peale, Titian Ramsay; and Philadelphia Museum search
  • Peale, Titian Ramsay; family of search
  • pedometers search
  • Philadelphia; statehouse in search
  • Philadelphia Museum; act of incorporation for search
  • Philadelphia Museum; and C. W. Peale’sThe Artist in His Museum search
  • Philadelphia Museum; and mastodon search
  • Philadelphia Museum; rent for search
  • Philadelphia Museum; trustees of search
  • polygraph; and C. W. Peale search
  • polygraph; repair of search
  • Quakers; depicted in art search
  • religion; Quakers search
  • Revolutionary War; artistic representations of search
  • scientific instruments; pedometers search
  • The Artist in His Museum (C. W. Peale) search
  • The Artist in His Museum (study) (C. W. Peale) search
  • turkeys; in C. W. Peale’s painting search