Abigail Adams to Thomas Boylston Adams, 25 December 1800
Abigail Adams to Thomas Boylston Adams
Washington December 25 1800
my dear Thomas
We have public worship every Sunday in the
Representitive’s Chamber in the Capitol; I have just returnd from hearing
Bishop Clagget deliver a discourse from those words in the Gosple of st
Luke, [“]Glory to God in the highest Peace on Earth, and Good Will to
Men.”1 this is a doctrine
full of Mercy and benevolence, of which
the present generation appear little disposed to cultivate and cherish.—
Should I put down one half my thoughts and reflections upon the present
Prospect of our Country I should be considerd as gloomy and dissapointed but
I see not where we are to land; the Government will undergo a compleat
revolution. every office & departments is already parceled out. the
misfortune is that there are as Many hungry antis, as there have been
meritorious candidates for on the
federal side; and therefore many must be dissapointed Baltimore Smith is cut
out for secretary of Navy Maddison secretary of state Dearbourn Secretary of
War, Mercer Gallitin, and Tench Cox Secretary of the Treasury, Munroe
Minister to France, and who should You think of to England?2 can You believe that J Q A, is
named by the party for that office
embassy; for (all the present Ministers are to be recall’d). I do not
believe that any of this distribution is Jeffersons, but the Party are very
buisy for him. in concequence of this intimation the President has
determined to recall Your Brother directly, that he cannot and will not
accept an appointment under the change of administration, I am very sure of.
you know he wrote me that he was Making arrangements to be ready to return
in the spring, if the Change which I predicted Should take place;3 the probability is, that mr
Jefferson & Burr stand upon an equal footing. the federal party will
therefore be in a strait betwixt two, a
Choice of difficulties. if they had the nerve and firmness of the
Pensilvanna senators—they would take neither— to be obliged to give their
voice and vote, where they declare they have not any confidence, and the
Government resting upon the pillars of public confidence, if they are broken
down, upon what can it Stand? the difference is, the Democrats, rely upon
Jefferson, but neither Party upon the other— it would be raising a Man to
the Government uncontemplated by the people— the federalist suppose they
might bargain with Burr, and receive him upon certain conditions but if he
has his price, how is he to be trusted?—
Gov’r Davie said to Me, that he was surprized at the
federilists; they had lost all, by aming at two ralling points; he said that
he had not conversed with any person here who appeard to have any adequate
Idea of the effects of the Change would
produce abroad; from a state of the highest respectability, which the wisdom
and energy of the Government had created in the minds of foreign Nations. we
Should now be considerd, as unstable fluctuating and Revolutionary— our
Credit would diminish, and our funds Sink or rather depreciate—that no one
could calculate upon the injury we should experience— there is not any
buisness done by either House. they meet and adjourn. Harper who has been
absent most of the Session, came last week to assist in making a speech to
raise the Mausolium, and the House have voted one, & two Hundred
thousand dollors to build it—4 I think fully with you upon the subject I was shocked at Lees Virginna
delicacy; but it is like the Man, not to feel and to reflect upon the
conduct of our Legislators. a person must be as insensible as the stones
with which this Egyptian Pyramid is to be raised— Washington was a
virginian. to him temples shall be built and alters raised— be sure he
monopolized in his own person a large proportion of the Virtue and talents
of the state from whence he originated, and he deserved all the gratitude
and affection which a gratefull people can bestow, but at the very period
when they are voting to raise trophies to his Memory, they are placeing
those very Men in the seat, which he occupied with so Much dignity to
himself, & benifit to his Country who they know, will pull down the
Edifice which he and his Successor, have laboured to preserve, beautify
Strengthen and adorn they are for spreading such a Glory arround him, as to
cast into a shade Services as disinterested, as meritorious as arduous as he
ever aechived the World, & posterity will show a more impartial
judgment.—
I went last week to Mount Vernon and past a couple of days with my old Friend Mrs washington who gave me a Most cordial reception; I was much dissapointed in the House, and in the richness of the soil. the prospect of the River is fine, but tho mr duane thinks the Magnificence of the Washington Palace less suited to the President of the united states than his Farm House at Quincy I Would not exchange it, for the Mount Vernon House—nor the grounds arround it—5 My House in its present state, presents a handsomer front has larger Rooms, and is better finished— Preistly you know was angry with Cobbet for depreciating his House—6 tho my Quincy House was not Made for the President of the united states, it has more comforts and conveniencees, in and about it than this Huge Castle and all I want or wish for, would be about 5000 dollors a year to spend in it, and about it—
My spirits are sometimes ready to Sink under my Private
troubles, and public ingratitude. I endeavour to rally them again, least I
should become unfit for the discharge of those duties which are still
incumbent upon me, one of which is to encounter a tedious winter journey; I
own I have a dread of it—and have not yet fixed My plan: I have thought as
the Season will be like to prevent my travelling in my own carriage, that it
would be best to leave to the public all which we have here and get a new
Coachee made, handsome and good, as it will be the only carriage we can
afford to keep. for this purpose I made the inquiry. I do not know whether
what are calld Quarter lights were included in the calculation made; You
know the one I have is stuft and not made to rool up— beside it has a long steps of three turns which come
near the ground which are necessary for me— Bringhurst is Most acquainted
With the manner in which I want one made— I am not Satisfied but that I
should do better to have one made in Boston by Frothingham— the only
difficulty will be the time it requires to do it—
I received the articles sent by mr Thornton safe. the silk stockings You inquire after we have not nor have I seen any Since You left us last winter. the woolen I took— they were put in the trunk which went by water, and were forgotten by me untill I found them in putting up my things to come away. I then sent them with some worsted to be done; so by an other Season you may look for them—
The President has appointed mr Jay chief Justice is he
refuses as I fear he will, Mr cushing will be offered it, but if he
declines, then mr Patterson will be appointed—7 I know it to be the intention of
the President to appoint mr Ingersell a Judge if a vacancy offers— this is
in confidence. your opinion is So
correct and judicious upon all those subjects in upon which You offer it, that I have great confidence in it,
and so has the President. I send the Letter requested—and / am Your truly
affectionate / Mother
A A
RC (Adams Papers); endorsed: “Mrs: A Adams / 25th: Decr: 1800— / 30th: Recd: / Do ansd:.”
1. Rev. Thomas John Claggett’s sermon was drawn from Luke, 2:14. Claggett (1743–1816), Princeton 1764, was elected the first Episcopal bishop of Maryland in 1792, a position he held for 24 years. He also served as the first chaplain of the U.S. Senate after the federal seat moved to Washington, D.C., in 1800 ( , 1:453–456).
2. Despite rumors regarding who would serve in Thomas Jefferson’s cabinet, neither John Francis Mercer nor Tench Coxe received appointments. Neither did James Monroe receive a diplomatic posting to France at this time. For the nominations of Samuel Smith, James Madison, Henry Dearborn, and Albert Gallatin, see William Smith Shaw to AA, 25 Feb. [1801], and note 3, below.
3. That is, JQA to AA, 11 July 1800, for which see AA to JQA, 15 May, note 5, above. For JQA’s recall as minister to Prussia, see AA to TBA, 3 Feb. 1801, and note 3, below.
4. During the ongoing debate in the House of Representatives on the bill to erect a mausoleum for George Washington, for which see TBA to William Smith Shaw, 21 Dec. 1800, and note 3, above, Robert Goodloe Harper spoke in favor of the measure on 23 Dec., claiming it was the only proper memorial because it “would present the same imperishable appearance two thousand years hence, that it would now” ( , 6th Cong., 2d sess., p. 856–857, 862–863).
5. The Philadelphia Aurora General Advertiser, 18 Dec., reported that JA’s “humble farm house at Quincey but ill comports with the superb palace of the nation.”
6. During the ongoing feud between William Cobbett and Joseph Priestley, for which see vol. 13:546–547, Cobbett in 1799 described Priestley’s house in Northumberland, Penn., as a “shed.” The attack prompted Priestley to defend the property, claiming “there are perhaps few that are equal to it in the whole State” (Philadelphia Porcupine’s Gazette, 28 Aug. 1799; , 1:4).
7. JA nominated John Jay as chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court on 18 Dec. 1800, and the Senate confirmed the appointment the next day. In notifying Jay of the appointment, JA wrote, “In the future Administration of our Country the firmest Security We can have against the Effects of visionary Schemes or fluctuating Theories, will be in a solid Judiciary: and nothing will cheer the hopes of the best Men so much as your Acceptance of this appointment.” Jay, however, declined the appointment on 2 Jan. 1801, and JA subsequently nominated John Marshall to the post on 20 Jan., which the Senate confirmed on the 27th ( , 6th Cong., 2d sess., p. 360, 371, 374; JA to Jay, 19 Dec. 1800, ICN:Rudy L. Ruggles Coll.; Jay to JA, 2 Jan. 1801, Adams Papers).