Benjamin Franklin Papers

To Benjamin Franklin from James McHenry, 24 August 1784

From James McHenry7

ALS: American Philosophical Society

Baltimore 24 Augt. 1784

Sir.

As it may be a satisfaction to the friends of the Marquiss de la Fayette, to learn that his visit to this country has been extremely flattering to its citizens, and that his reception has been marked by every circumstance expressive of gratitude and respect, I thought it would give pleasure to you (of whom I have often heard him express the liveliest regard) to have it in your power to convey to them this information. He is now with our late general at Mount Vernon, and expected in this town about the first of next month.8

I imagine your official information from this country must be very imperfect, and may continue so for some time unless Mr. Jay who has arrived accepts the department of foreign affairs.—9 You know I suppose that Congress left a committee of the States; but this committee is in effect at an end without the form of an adjournment. I went down to Annapolis the 1[0]th instant, to releive Mr. Chase (a delegate from this State)1 but I might as well have remained at home, for Mr. Dana and Mr. Blanchard had the day before signified their intention to return to their States. There being only nine members present, a motion was made by Gen. Hand to fix the dissolution on those gentlemen; which would have been entered on the journals, had not Mr Blanchard withdrawn just as the yeas and nays were about to be called. This put an end to the committee as he did not chuse to return. Owing to this circumstance we shall have no visible confederal sovereignty before the meeting of Congress at Trenton.—2 I dare say our enemies in Europe will construe this event into a proof of a spirit of disorder and disunion among the States—not distinguishing between the States and their fluctuating representatives who cannot be always wise—always moderate men. The truth is the Eastern delegates did not think a committee of the States necessary, and went into it merely because without one they could not have obtained the adjournment to Trenton. The passions and sentiments of Congress descending to the committee terminated in its dissolution as might have been foreseen. The States however have been at no time in greater harmony with each other. N. Carolina has adopted the 5 per Ct. impost—3 Several of them have passed acts to vest Congress with a power to regulate commerce previous to our recommendation on that subject4—while Rhode Island alone resist the impost.

Your name has been often of late mentioned in Congress, and your letters alluded to in which you press for leave to retire5— but your friends have as often hoped that you would serve this country a little longer. We have made treaties—but we want to be certain that we are at peace.

With the greatest respect I have the honor to be sir your obt st—

James McHenry

His Excellency Docr. Franklin.—

[Note numbering follows the Franklin Papers source.]

7A former aide-de-camp to Lafayette, McHenry (1753–1816) was currently a Md. state senator and member of Congress: ANB.

8Lafayette had landed at New York on Aug. 4, and was feted in every city he visited on his way to Mount Vernon, including Philadelphia and Baltimore. He stayed at Mount Vernon Aug. 17–28, and was back in Baltimore on Sept. 1, as McHenry predicted: XLII, 507; Louis Gottschalk, Lafayette Between the American and the French Revolution (1783–1789) (Chicago, 1950), pp. 84–9.

9Jay arrived in New York on July 24. He did not assume the secretary’s post until Dec. 21: XLII, 241n, 337n.

1McHenry relieved Jeremiah Townley Chase on Aug. 10 and 11. Chase returned on Aug. 12: JCC, XXVII, 635–6.

2On Aug. 19, the committee dispersed, after arranging for the safekeeping of the papers of Congress. Their hope of reconvening before the opening of the next session, in November, was never realized: JCC, XXVII, 636–8, 641.

3The ratification of the impost by the N.C. legislature was recorded on July 14: JCC, XXVII, 585–6.

4By late 1783, in response to Britain’s restrictive trade policies and the flood of imports into American markets, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Maryland had taken steps to allow Congress to regulate foreign trade. On April 30, 1784, Congress passed a resolution recommending that the state legislatures vest Congress, for a 15-year period, with the authority to prohibit trade with vessels from foreign nations that had not concluded commercial treaties with the United States. Congress also recommended that it be empowered to forbid foreigners from importing goods produced in countries other than their own. (A press copy of the resolution, in BFB’s hand, is among BF’s papers at the APS.) By the date of the present letter, Virginia and North Carolina had passed acts in response to the resolution: JCC, XXVI, 269–71, 317–22; XXVII, 585–6, 589; Smith, Letters, XXI, 448n, 727n; Jack N. Rakove, The Beginnings of National Politics: an Interpretive History of the Continental Congress (New York, 1979), pp. 345–6; Merrill Jensen, The New Nation: a History of the United States During the Confederation, 17811789 (New York, 1950), pp. 400–2.

5For Congress’ handling of BF’s bid to retire see XLII, 242n.

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