Thomas Jefferson Papers
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Extract from Martha Jefferson Randolph to Nicholas P. Trist, 7 March 1822

Extract from Martha Jefferson Randolph to Nicholas P. Trist

Monticello March 7th 1822

Dear Nicholas

I mentioned to Jefferson your idea of removing the negroes to a country where they would be so much more profitable, he assented at once to the advantage of such a step, but said what I knew to be the fact that his Grandfather would never listen to it for a moment,1 although2 moving them in a body it would occasion little or no distress to them, not a tenth part which a sale under the usual circumstances would. then again the difficulty of getting a judicious and trust worthy agent which would render it a step of certain expense and uncertain advantage. but I am not without hope that with Jefferson’s mannagement and some arrangements which he proposes the estate may be saved without any, or but a trifling sacrifice,3 he has already arrested the progress of the debts, and the property is daily improving. Poplar forest which for years had been regularly falling behind hand will this year contribute to the maintenance of the family; and in a few more will yield a considerable profit. and under the worst circumstances, such as are not likely to concur, 100 negroes might be sold and still leave 150 and the land, from 8 to 10.000 acres; Ann is already provided for, and Jefferson in part, so that independant of their father’s property their Grand father’s will be divided amongst the children after the payment of the debts, independant of me. this last arrangement was made at my own request. I shall probably have a life estate in some part of it but I wished it so secured as to render them independant of any accident that might happen to us. Francis will rank as an elder son. Jefferson and himself will consequently have more than the other boys. for those, I wish them to have proffessions that will enable them to make their own way in the world. Lewis is a boy of promising talents and if his father’s inveterate prejudice against the Law does not prevent him that would be the course his grandfather and myself would wish him to pursue, as the most honorable as well as the most certain road to preferment. the others may also make their way as well as thousands of others have done before them if they have industry.

RC (NcU: NPT); extract, consisting of salutation, dateline, and middle portion of letter; dateline adjacent to first postscript; signed “MR”; addressed: “Nicholas P. Trist Donaldsonville Lafourche Louisiana”; stamped; postmarked Charlottesville, 10 Mar.; endorsed by Trist. In the unextracted portion of this letter, Randolph acknowledges her delay in answering Trist’s previous letter; explains that she only knows of her daughter Virginia J. Randolph (Trist)’s doings in Richmond by correspondence, as Randolph could not visit Richmond herself as planned; discusses Trist’s business plans in Louisiana and assures him of her and her husband’s support, but doubts that Trist will be able to return to Monticello by the spring of 1823; reports that due to neighborhood gossip, Virginia “found her secret known where ever the family was”; shares news of family friends and of her daughters in Richmond; describes her health and warns Trist to protect his own; sends greetings to his family; relays the greetings of her daughter Mary J. Randolph in a postscript; and in a second postscript reports that John Wayles Baker led the junior class in a “disturbance” at South Carolina College, that the whole class was suspended for three months, and that Baker is “expected daily in Richmond.”

jefferson: Thomas Jefferson Randolph. ann: Ann Cary Randolph Bankhead. francis: Francis Eppes. lewis: Meriwether Lewis Randolph.

1Reworked from “to such a proposal.”

2Manuscript: “athough.”

3Manuscript: “sacrifices.”

Index Entries

  • Baker, John Wayles (TJ’s grandnephew); suspended from South Carolina College search
  • Bankhead, Ann (Anne) Cary Randolph (TJ’s granddaughter; Charles Lewis Bankhead’s wife); and TJ’s estate search
  • Eppes, Francis Wayles (TJ’s grandson); and TJ’s estate search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Business & Financial Affairs; estate of search
  • Poplar Forest (TJ’s Bedford Co. estate); acreage of search
  • Poplar Forest (TJ’s Bedford Co. estate); management of search
  • Poplar Forest (TJ’s Bedford Co. estate); slaves at search
  • Randolph, Martha Jefferson (Patsy; TJ’s daughter; Thomas Mann Randolph’s wife); and TJ’s estate search
  • Randolph, Martha Jefferson (Patsy; TJ’s daughter; Thomas Mann Randolph’s wife); health of search
  • Randolph, Martha Jefferson (Patsy; TJ’s daughter; Thomas Mann Randolph’s wife); letter from, to N. P. Trist search
  • Randolph, Mary Jefferson (TJ’s granddaughter); sends greetings to N. P. Trist search
  • Randolph, Meriwether Lewis (TJ’s grandson); future prospects of search
  • Randolph, Thomas Jefferson (1792–1875) (TJ’s grandson; Jane Hollins Nicholas Randolph’s husband); and TJ’s estate search
  • Randolph, Thomas Jefferson (1792–1875) (TJ’s grandson; Jane Hollins Nicholas Randolph’s husband); as manager of Monticello search
  • Randolph, Thomas Jefferson (1792–1875) (TJ’s grandson; Jane Hollins Nicholas Randolph’s husband); as manager of Poplar Forest search
  • Randolph, Thomas Mann (1768–1828) (TJ’s son-in-law; Martha Jefferson Randolph’s husband); estate of search
  • slaves; sales of search
  • South Carolina College (later University of South Carolina); and J. W. Baker search
  • South Carolina College (later University of South Carolina); student conduct at search
  • Trist, Virginia Jefferson Randolph (TJ’s granddaughter); visits Richmond search
  • women; letters from; M. J. Randolph to N. P. Trist search