73. From Boston publishers Wells & Lilly TJ ordered their reprints of Dugald Stewart’s and John Playfair’s Dissertations, which had been published in recent supplements of the Encyclopaedia Britannica, and five other titles (TJ to Wells & Lilly, 1 Jan., 1 Apr. 1818; Wells & Lilly to TJ, 13 Jan. 1818).

74. That is, Edmund Bacon. TJ interlined the Bagwell entry at a later time.

75. TJ was the intermediary in an attempt to get a stocking weaver for Charlottesville. He had first hoped to encourage the settlement there of one of a party of Swiss stocking weavers brought to Washington by William Lee. As they wished to remain together, it was instead decided to send Charles Stewart, the handicapped son of TJ’s former blacksmith William Stewart, to Washington as an apprentice. Because of a misunderstanding of the terms of the contract, which appears largely attributable to Lee, the arrangement came to nothing (TJ to Lee, 6 June, 12 Nov. 1817, 8 Jan. 1818; Lee to TJ, 16 June 1817, 12 Jan. 1818; TJ to J. Keller, 8 and 24 Jan. 1818; Keller to TJ, 14 Dec. 1817, 15 Jan. 1818).

76.  George Bethune English, The Grounds of Christianity Examined by Comparing the New Testament with the Old (Boston, 1813; David Isaacs to TJ, 1 Feb. 1818).

77. This water wheel was evidently for the sawmill at the foot of Monticello mountain; the millworks needed rebuilding (MB 6 Jan. 1813; TJ to Craven Peyton, 15 Mch. 1818).

78. At the first regular meeting of the Board of Visitors of Central College on 5 May 1817, a subscription campaign was inaugurated and TJ and the other Visitors each pledged $1,000. Payment to proctor and acting treasurer Alexander Garrett was to be in four annual installments beginning in Apr. 1818 (Bruce, University of Virginia, i, 172-8 description begins Philip A. Bruce, History of the University of Virginia, 1819-1919, New York, 1920-1922, 5 vols. description ends ). For TJ’s paramount role in the genesis of the University of Virginia, the great project of his last years, see Malone, Jefferson, vi, 233-82 description begins Dumas Malone, Jefferson and His Time, Boston, 1948-1981, 6 vols. description ends .

79. Correctly $18.75.

80. English portrait sculptor William John Coffee had arrived at Monticello on 5 Apr. (TJ to W. C. Nicholas, 5 Apr. 1818). Of the terra cotta busts Coffee made of members of the Monticello household only those of Anne C. Bankhead and Cornelia J. Randolph are known to have survived; that of TJ, as well as of James Madison, is presumed lost (Bush, Life Portraits, p. 85-8 description begins Alfred L. Bush, “The Life Portraits of Thomas Jefferson,” Jefferson and the Arts: An Extended View, ed. William Howard Adams, Washington, D.C., 1976 description ends ; Bradford L. Rauschenberg, “William John Coffee, Sculptor-Painter: His Southern Experience,” Journal of Early Southern Decorative Arts, iv [1978], 26-48).

81. In 1815 Richmond printer and publisher Peter Cottom had opened a bookstore across from the office of the Lynchburg Press (Lynchburg Press, 16 Mch. 1815).

82.  Wilson C. Nicholas’ insolvency in 1819 and death in 1820 delivered what TJ later called the “coup de grace” to his own crumbling fortunes. As first endorser of these twelve-month promissory notes, he became liable for the $20,000 and its annual $1,200 interest. The principal, which in 1823 was transferred from the bank to TJR and the College of William and Mary, was unpaid at TJ’s death (TJ to James Madison, 17 Feb. 1826; MB 22 Jan. 1823; Malone, Jefferson, vi, 303-4, 309-14, 511 description begins Dumas Malone, Jefferson and His Time, Boston, 1948-1981, 6 vols. description ends ).

83.  Nace (b. 1773), the son of Nan and Frank, was raised by Cate and James Hubbard. He was a foreman and gardener at Poplar Forest (TJ to Jeremiah Goodman, Dec. 1811; TJ to Joel Yancey, 6 Mch. 1817).

84. TJ paid for the bimonthly new series of the Emporium of Arts and Sciences published in 1813 and 1814. As then edited by Thomas Cooper, it was particularly intended to encourage domestic manufactures. TJ at this time hoped to make Cooper the “corner stone” of the faculty of the University of Virginia (Thomas Jordan to TJ, 20 Apr. 1818; Edgar, American Magazines, p. 74-5 description begins Neal L. Edgar, A History and Bibliography of American Magazines 1810-1820, Metuchen, N.J., 1975 description ends ; TJ to Robert B. Taylor and Chapman Johnson, 16 May 1820).

85.  Larkin Powers replaced Rolin Goodman as head carpenter; he worked for TJ in 1818 only.

86. After a night spent with George Divers at Farmington, TJ and James Madison had proceeded to Rockfish Gap in the Blue Ridge mountains for the 1 Aug. meeting of the commissioners appointed by the Governor to recommend a location for a state university. The site of the three-day session was the “Mountain House,” a resort inn kept by Allen Bernard. The Rockfish Gap Commission, of which TJ was named president, reported in favor of Central College (Malone, Jefferson, vi, 275-8 description begins Dumas Malone, Jefferson and His Time, Boston, 1948-1981, 6 vols. description ends ; TJ to MJR, 4 Aug. 1818; TJ to Bernard, 30 July 1818; William Couper, History of the Shenandoah Valley [New York, 1952], ii, 728-9).

87. After two nights at the residence of Archibald Stuart on Church Street in Staunton, TJ and fellow commissioner James Breckenridge (1763-1833) travelled on horseback to Warm Springs in Bath County, almost sixty miles to the southwest. Crossing the first ridge of the Alleghenies at either Jennings or Dry Branch gap, they followed present Route 629 in a southwesterly direction and lodged at Cloverdale in northeast Bath County (TJ to MJR, 7 and 14 Aug. 1818; TJ table of mileages Staunton to Warm Springs, ViU).

88. Hoping to eradicate the “seeds” of his rheumatism, TJ had planned a short visit to the Warm Springs, but was persuaded to extend his stay to three weeks—a decision he ever after regretted. He lived in one of the log cabins of the thermal establishment presided over by merry landlord John Fry, took the 98° waters three times daily in the hexagonal bath building, suffered acutely from boredom, and late in his stay broke out in boils, probably from a staphylococcus infection. This painful complaint, with associated fever and debility, made his return journey a torment. Having arrived at Monticello in a state of extreme exhaustion, he was incorrectly treated with mercurial ointments for what his doctor supposed to be scabies, and was soon at “death’s door.” When medication was stopped he gradually began to recover, but he missed his autumn visit to Poplar Forest, was not able to return to normal activity until December, and always blamed “the unlucky experiment of the springs” and its aftermath for the recurring ill health from which he suffered over the next few years (TJ to MJR, 7, 14, 21 Aug. 1818; TJ to Francis W. Eppes, 11 Sep. 1818; TJ to James Breckenridge and to William Alston, 6 Oct. 1818; TJ to Henry Dearborn, 5 July 1819; Percival Renier, The Springs of Virginia [Chapel Hill, N.C., 1941], p. 102-7; [Philip H. Nicklin], Letters Descriptive of the Virginia Springs . . . by Peregrine Prolix [Philadelphia, 1837], p. 25).

89. TJ made several excursions to relieve his “distressing” ennui: to Flag Rock on top of Warm Springs mountain, to the now world-famous Hot Springs five miles to the southwest, and to the two-hundred-foot waterfall on Falling Spring Branch ten miles farther, and thus the westernmost point reached by TJ in his lifetime (TJ to MJR, 14 Aug. 1818).

90.  John Harris (d. 1832), wealthy resident of Viewmont in southern Albemarle County, had brought TJ from Warm Springs in his carriage. Their ways parted at Morrison’s tavern, four miles east of Rockfish Gap (TJ to MJR, 21 Aug. 1818; Woods, Albemarle description begins Edgar Woods, Albemarle County in Virginia, 1901, repr. Bridgewater, Va., n.d. description ends , p. 220; TJ memorandum of mileages from Warm Springs to Charlottesville, ViU).

91.  Benjamin Hardin operated the Albemarle Hotel about nine miles west of Charlottesville on the road to Staunton (Woods, Albemarle, p. 60-1, 217).

92. Correctly 25s–4d.

93.  Andrew Monroe lived about three miles east of Milton on a farm given him by his brother James Monroe; it was located on the Everona limestone belt (Woods, Albemarle, p. 281 description begins Edgar Woods, Albemarle County in Virginia, 1901, repr. Bridgewater, Va., n.d. description ends ; AlCDB, xxi, 143-4 description begins Albemarle County Deed Books, Albemarle County Courthouse, Charlottesville, Va. description ends ).

94. TJ ordered his annual shipment of French food and wine, including 64 gallons of Roussillon and 300 bottles of red Bellet (TJ to Stephen Cathalan, 5 Apr. 1818; MB 25 Mch. 1819).

95. When in January TJ had found his wine supply dwindling faster than he expected, he had asked Stephen Cathalan to send him two hundred bottles of Bergasse red wine. The son of Henry Bergasse, whose chaix TJ had visited at Marseilles in 1787, continued his father’s business of blending inexpensive imitations, which TJ considered “perfect,” of the wines of Bordeaux (TJ to Cathalan, 6 June 1817, 18 Jan. 1818; Cathalan to TJ, 19 Mch. 1816).

96. This was probably Rev. John P. Bausman, who was the first resident Episcopal minister in Albemarle County since the death of Matthew Maury in 1808 (Woods, Albemarle, p. 127 description begins Edgar Woods, Albemarle County in Virginia, 1901, repr. Bridgewater, Va., n.d. description ends ; Meade, Old Churches, ii, 51 description begins Bishop Meade, Old Churches, Ministers, and Families of Virginia, Philadelphia, 1857, 2 vols. description ends ).

97. It had been necessary to build three stone buttresses to stabilize a long wall of the Shadwell manufacturing mill (TJ to Thomas E. Randolph, 28 Mch. 1818).

98. The books, mainly French editions, TJ ordered from Lewis D. Belair are listed in TJ to Belair, 9 Dec. 1818. Belair, an associate of New York bookseller Fernagus de Gelone, had just opened his own bookstore in Philadelphia (Belair to TJ, 6 Nov. 1818; Fernagus de Gelone to TJ, 7 Jan. 1819).

99. The initials referred to the endorsers of TJ’s various bank loans: Patrick Gibson, TJR, Wilson C. Nicholas, and Bernard Peyton.