John Jay Papers
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From John Jay to Benjamin Franklin, 28 March 1781

To Benjamin Franklin

Madrid 28 March 17811

Dear Sir

American Credit is again on the Brink of Destruction, and France alone can save it. The Evil is pressing— Details must therefore be postponed.

You are not uninformed of the Bills drawn upon me by Congress. I have accepted to the Amount of  2 Dollars and of that Sum have paid  .3

On the 23d December last His Excellency the Count De Florida Blanca expressly promised me three Millions of Reals—he has often since repeated it, and very lately told me he would endeavour to augment it.4 He desired me to send him every month a List of the Bills which would become due in the succeeding one. I did so, and they were paid.5 On the 15th. of march instant, I sent him a List of the Bills to become due in april next.6 To this, notwithstanding sundry applications, I recd. no answer ’till Yesterday, when the following Letter, from Mr James Gardoqui, enclosing one from the Count was delivered to me vizt.

[Here Jay embedded a copy of Gardoqui’s letter to him of 25 March, above, in which was enclosed Floridablanca’s letter to JJ of 24 March, above.]

Remarks on these Letters would be unnecessary, nor can Conjectures respecting the motives which enduced them answer any good Purpose. Let me entreat you my dear Sir! to submit these Facts without Delay to your Court. The Extinction of american Credit would work Consequences which I think neither their Wisdom nor their Friendship for our Country, will permit to take place. If necessary, pledge the three millions promised by Spain, offer immediate repayment of the Residue in america—in Short any thing almost will be better than having all these Bills protested.

Should your Court consent to make the advances, take such arrangements for bringing them to my Hands, as that, if possible I may recieve them in Time. In commercial Transactions you know punctuality is always expected & often insisted upon.

I send you this by an Express—he has orders to wait your answer and return with the utmost Expedition.7 On the 16th: Day of april I shall certainly be called upon for  8 communicate this Letter to Col. Laurens, who I am persuaded will Zealously cooperate with you.9

I shall draw upon you without Delay for the Ballance of the 25′000 Dollars, for should my Situation be known, or this application prove fruitless, a Bill upon you would not be vendible.

Our Friends the De Neufvilles are very deeply interested in the Bills due next month. What a Train of Consequences depend on their being paid!

The Count De Montmorin, who is always friendly, has spoken to the minister on these Subjects—there is no Hope of present aid here—were it in the Embassadors power to remove all these Difficulties, I believe they would not exist long—he will write by this Conveyance.10 I enclose a particular List of the Bills accepted—11

AL (FC), UkWC-A (EJ: 12). Endorsed by JJ. BF did not acknowledge receipt of this letter. DftS, NNC (EJ: 7802).

1No recipient’s copy of this letter has been found, and it was probably superseded by JJ’s letter to BF of 1 Apr., below. See “Spain’s Finances and the Bills Drawn on John Jay” (editorial note) on p. 368. JJ’s letter to BF of 1 Apr. provides specific information on bills scheduled for payment through September.

2Space left blank in manuscript.

3Space left blank in manuscript.

4On the conference of 23 Dec. 1780, see “Spain’s Finances and the Bills Drawn on John Jay” (editorial note) on pp. 366–67.

5The bills for January through March amounted to $34,880. See JJ to BF, 1 Apr., below. For arrangements to pay the bills, see Carmichael to JJ, 7 Feb., ALS, NNC (EJ: 7562); JJ to Floridablanca, 7 Feb., AL, with Spanish translation, SpMaAHN: Estado, leg. 3884, exp. 4, doc. 143 (EJ: 12166, 12157); JJ to Gardoqui, 21 Jan., Dft, NNC (EJ: 8235); and Gardoqui to Floridablanca, 7 Feb., ALS, SpMaAHN: Estado, leg. 3884, exp. 4, doc. 93 (EJ: 12158).

6See JJ to Floridablanca, 15 Mar., and enclosure, ALS, SpMaAHN: Estado, leg. 3884, exp. 4, doc. 104 (EJ: 12091).

7JJ’s express left on 2 Apr. with JJ’s letter to BF of 1 Apr., below; a private letter to William Temple Franklin, 1 Apr., ALS, PPAmP (EJ: 2650); and Montmorin to Vergennes, 1 Apr., in which the French ambassador reported that JJ had made little progress in persuading Floridablanca to cover all of the bills Congress had drawn on him, although the minister had provided funds to pay bills presented thus far, which amounted to little more than about 30,000 piastres (dollars). Montmorin noted that JJ had been promised another 150,000 piastres three months previously but had not been told when the funds would be forthcoming. He then mentioned that JJ had appealed to him for assistance and reported on the arrangements he had persuaded Floridablanca to make to relieve JJ’s distress, described in JJ to BF, 1 Apr., below. See FrPMAE: CP-E, 604: 3r–5r. The express probably also carried JJ to John Laurens, 26[–28] Mar., and to Silas Deane, 28 Mar., both above; and Carmichael’s letter to BF of 30 Mar.–1 Apr., PBF description begins William B. Willcox et al., eds., The Papers of Benjamin Franklin (39 vols. to date; New Haven, Conn., 1959–) description ends , 34: 498–501. The express returned on 19 Apr. with BF’s letter of 12 Apr., below; and Vergennes to Montmorin of the same date, described in the notes to BF’s letter.

8Space left blank in manuscript.

10See Montmorin to Vergennes, 1 Apr. 1781, FrPMAE: CP-E, 604: 3r–5v.

11Not found.

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