1Travels, and Negotiations. (Adams Papers)
Quincy December 1. 1806. When I asked Leave of Congress to make a Visit to my Constituents and my Family in November 1777, it was my intention to decline the next Election, and return to my practice at the Bar. I had been four Years in Congress, left my Accounts in a very loose condition, my Debtors were failing, the paper Money was depreciating, I was daily loosing the fruits of seventeen...
2To Benjamin Franklin from the Marquis de Saint-Lambert, [after 1 March 1779] (Franklin Papers)
ALS : American Philosophical Society Vous n’aurés peutetre pas connu sous le nom de mäer, L’officier dont je Vous ai parlé, ce nom est celui de la famille, mais il porte chès Vous le nom du chevalier de Villepré, il est lieutenant colonel au service des etats unis il est actuellement a nante ou il doit s’embarquer incessamment pour boston. La grace que Mr. de Tressan Vous demande c’est que le...
3To Benjamin Franklin from Chaumont, [after 11 February 1779?] (Franklin Papers)
AL : National Archives On vient de m’apprendre qu’un Banquier de Paris a reçu samedy une lettre de son correspondant de Londres qui lui marque qu’il s’est formé dans cette ville un parti contre le Roi et le Parlement. Ils s’appellent Kepellistes du nom de Kepel, ou les Blancs parcequ’ils portent une grande cocarde blanche aux quatre coins de laquelle sont écrits ces mots: vive Louis XVI...
4To Benjamin Franklin from ——— Mercier, [before 10 February 1779] (Franklin Papers)
D : University of Pennsylvania Library In the spring of 1777, the commissioners had contracted with Mercier to repair the arms which they had purchased from Montieu. By the summer of 1778, Jonathan Williams, Jr. had become so suspicious of Mercier’s bills that he ordered the work stopped and refused further payments. Mercier, unable to justify his accounts to Williams, then turned to the...
5Jefferson’s Notes from Condorcet on Slavery (Jefferson Papers)
Reflections on the Slavery of the Negroes by Mr. Schwartz, praetor of the holy gospel at Brienne, Member of the Economical society of B—— Epistle dedicatory to the Negro slaves. Tho’ not of your colour, my friends, I have ever considered you as my brethren. Nature has endowed you with the same genius, the same judgment, the same virtues as the Whites. I mean the Whites of Europe, for I would...
6Cash Book, [1 March 1782–1791] (Hamilton Papers)
1) Dr. Pierre Van Cortlandt Cr. £ 1784 Feby To this sum due for the Clerkship of his son P. V. Cortlandt commenced 150 Dr. Jacob LeRoy & Sons Cr. 1784 To this sum due for the Clerkship of his son Jas. LeRoy commenced this day 150 this sum given up as Mr. LeRoy did not continue his Clerkship 150 May To opinion given in the case of Kelly & Lot 1.10.0
7To Benjamin Franklin from Félix Vicq d’Azyr, [before 20 July 1781] (Franklin Papers)
LS : American Philosophical Society La Société Royale de Medecine m’a chargé de vous adresser un certain nombre des Pieces qui ont été distribuées dans sa derniere séance publique, avec un Rapport concernant les sepultures de l’Ile de Malthe, et imprimé aux fraix de L’Ordre. S’il vous est possible de faire parvenir quelques-unes de ces Pieces en Amérique, Nous vous en aurons beaucoup...
8Marginalia in a Pamphlet by Josiah Tucker, [on or after 22 December 1776] (Franklin Papers)
MS notations in the margins of a copy in the Library of Congress of [Josiah Tucker,] A Series of Answers to Certain Popular Objections, against Separating from the Rebellious Colonies, and Discarding Them Entirely; Being the Concluding Tract of the Dean of Gloucester, on the Subject of American Affairs (Gloucester, 1776). These are the first marginalia by Franklin that deserve extensive...
9Extract from Two Purported Letters by Franklin, 27 July [i.e., after 11 August] 1777 (Franklin Papers)
Reprinted from Samuel Hazard, ed., Hazard’s Register of Pennsylvania ... (16 vols., Philadelphia, [1828–35]), VI , 37. We are extremely skeptical about both these extracts. The date of the first is certainly wrong, because Hodge was not arrested until August 11. Although Hayfield Conyngham, Gustavus’ cousin, may have received advice from Franklin, we have no other evidence of contact between...
10To Benjamin Franklin from Joseph Berington, [after 13 December 1777] (Franklin Papers)
ALS : American Philosophical Society I feel myself much disappointed in not having found you in Paris, as I had expected. Business, which brought me hither, renders it impossible for me to call on you at present. If I can steal a few hours before my return, I shall with pleasure wait on you. Our friend Dr. Priestley was so obliging as to recommend me to you. I send you his letter with his two...
11Franklin’s Notes for Replying to Two Letters from Ralph Izard, [on or after 1 February 1778] (Franklin Papers)
AD : American Philosophical Society This is a rare example of Franklin’s thinking on paper for his eye alone. Some of the notes are now beyond understanding and the meaning of others can only be conjectured; but what he is thinking about is clear: how to answer Izard’s letters above of January 28 and 30. All of his few identifiable references, down to the word “Personals,” are to the first...
12From Benjamin Franklin to R. Parsons, [on or after 12 August 1778] (Franklin Papers)
ALS (draft): American Philosophical Society I did truly tell Capt. Hickey as you mention that I had never given Mr. Parsons the least Encouragement to go to America. Your good Opinion of your Husband, which is very natural and laudable, induces you to think there is some Mistake in this, and you express your Doubt in these Words, “ If IN REALITY he has never had any Countenance from you ,” &c....
13From Benjamin Franklin to [the Marquise de Lafayette], [after 21 September 1778] (Franklin Papers)
AL (draft): American Philosophical Society Wherever it is in my Power, I should certainly pay the greatest Respect to the Recommendation of Madame de la Fayette, but it is absolutely impossible for me to do what is desired for this M. Rolandeau. He was an Officer in the American Service; he left his Regiment without Leave and came to France. If he would return there it should therefore be at...
14To Benjamin Franklin from Le Roy, [after 18 February 1779?] (Franklin Papers)
ALS : American Philosophical Society Mon Illustre Docteur J’espere que votre goutte est dissipée je le souhaite beaucoup au moins et que nous ayons le plaisir de vous voir demain un mot seulement pour que je puisse compter sur le plaisir de vous avoir ainsi que Monsieur votre petit fils adieu Mon Illustre Docteur on ne peut vous etre plus passionnément attaché que je vous le suis pour la vie...
15To Benjamin Franklin from Edward Bancroft, [on or after 25 March 1779] (Franklin Papers)
AL : American Philosophical Society Dr. Bancroft presents his most respectful Compliments to Dr Franklin & sends him inclosed the desired Passport. Addressed: To the Hon’ble / Dr. Franklin / Passy On March 24, a Wednesday, BF had issued an American passport for the vessel London Packet . See Bancroft’s letters to WTF , one of March 20 and the second printed under March 21. The present letter...
16Franklin: Proposed New Version of the Bible, [1782 or after] (Franklin Papers)
Reprinted from William Temple Franklin, ed., Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Benjamin Franklin … (3 vols., 4to, London, 1817–18), III , 308–9. It is now more than 170 years since the translation of our common English Bible. The language in that time is much changed, and the stile being obsolete, and thence less agreeable, is perhaps one reason why the reading of that excellent book is of...
17To Benjamin Franklin from Mademoiselle ——— Juppin, [1782 or after] (Franklin Papers)
AL : American Philosophical Society Mon papa lon ma priée de vous demander, si les papiers que je vous envoyes ont quelque valeur, si la personne a qui ils appartiennent peut esperer en tirer quelque argent, et sil ne faut pas ladresser a Mr Jay. Je vous presente mon papa, mes civilites, et amities et mes compliments a Mr votre petit fils. The Brillons’ former governess: XXVIII , 8n. Dated on...
18The Abbé Alessandro (Agostino) Beliardi’s Account of Franklin’s Remedy for a Cold, [1782 or after] (Franklin Papers)
AD : Bibliothèque nationale M. Holcker a appris du docteur francklin qu’une petite cuiellerée à café de quinquinà jettée dans le fond d’un goblet où l’on verse un peu de lait pour Les bien meler ensemble, ensuitte remplissant le reste du goblet avec du lait, et en avalant un verre le matin à jeune, un autre en se mettant à table pour dinner, et un troisieme en se couchant, que çest un...
19To Benjamin Franklin from Marie-Anne Le Page Fiquet, Dame Duboccage, [after 21 January 1783] (Franklin Papers)
AL : American Philosophical Society Mde. Duboccage rend mille tres humbles graces a Mr. franklin; la Vision de Colomb donne une champ bien vaste a l’imagination du poëte et l’ange avoit Sans doute prévu qu’il naîtroit un législateur tel que le tres docte franklin pour donner la liberté, de bonnes loix et Beaucoup de gloire a son païs. Mde. Duboccage ne renvoie point l’imprimé en cas qu’elle...
20From Benjamin Franklin to Caroline (Charlotte)-Bertrande Chapelle de Jumilhac-Cubjac Bertin, [after 1 March 1783] (Franklin Papers)
AL (draft): Library of Congress Mr Franklin presents his respectful Compliments to Madame Bertine, and acquaints her that he long since gave the Recommendatory Letter and Passport desired, to the Portuguese Ambassador, who had before demanded the same thing: and that the Letter receiv’d thro’ her hands from M. le Baron de Jumilhac shall be duly attended to. He begs leave to assure M. Bertin of...
21To Benjamin Franklin from Jeremy Bentham, [after 10 April 1780] (Franklin Papers)
AL (draft): University College, London C Afran This book (if ever it should reach your hands) was written for the use of leading men: nor to any but leading men has it been sent. As such a copy of it comes to you. My notion of you is such that if there be any thing good in it, you will not fail making a good use of it for the benefit of those for whom you act. If at this or any more distant...
22From Alexander Hamilton to Elizabeth Hamilton, [1783–1789] (Hamilton Papers)
I arrived My Dear Betsey at this place yesterday Evening not so much fatigued as I expected to have been but with my Cold somewhat increased. I am however better to day and hope to finish my business so as to return on Thursday. If a Vessel offers at the time and a fair wind I may take that mode of conveyance. I hope you have been attentive to your medicine. Remember Mrs. Powel on the...
23III. French Projet Based on the Convention of 1784 (Jefferson Papers)
PROJET de Convention entre le Roi Très Chretien et les États-Unis de l’Amérique Septentrionale, a l’effet de déterminer et fixer les Fonctions et prérogatives des Consuls, Vice Consuls et Agens respectifs. Le Roy Très Chretien et les Treize Etats de l’Amerique Septentrionale s’etant accordés mutuellement par l’Art. XXIX du Traité d’amitié et de Commerce conclu entre eux, la Faculté de tenir...
24IV. Observations on the Foregoing (Jefferson Papers)
Observations sur chacun des Articles de la Convention, d’Entre le Roi Très Chrétien, et les Etats Unis de l’Amérique Septentrionale, à l’occasion des fonctions et prérogatives des Consuls, Vice Consuls, Agens et Commissaires respectifs. Article 1er. Rien à dire. Article 2e. Le pouvoir donné aux Consuls par cet Article est trop important: Il suffiroit qu’ils ayent celui de nommer des agents ad...
25Notes on Debates, [1782–1783; 1787] (Madison Papers)
MS ( LC : Madison Papers). JM’s notes on the debates and other proceedings of Congress (LC: Madison Papers) extend for 493 unnumbered, four-by-six-inch pages, plus a 2-page insert sheet of a larger size, and also 3 blank pages. JM divided his notes into sixteen segments, each headed by a Roman numeral. The first fourteen embrace the record for 1782 and 1783; the remaining two, the record for...
26To Benjamin Franklin from Patience Wright, [after 7 March 1777] (Franklin Papers)
ALS : American Philosophical Society With the most hearty Love and confidenc in your Friendship, Mr. S has deservedly Recomended himself to his Contry and to your Service. Things now are in a fare way of Coming into a Self preserving and Self Cure way . They will now with a littel of your assistance soon work their own way . The Spirit of honest Englishmen seem to git the art of thinking...
27“The Petition of the Letter Z”, [after 12 February 1779?] (Franklin Papers)
AD : American Philosophical Society Along with the official letter of appointment as sole minister plenipotentiary, Franklin also received from Lafayette’s hand several private letters from Philadelphia, dated October 21 and 22, 1778, which bore disturbing news: Ralph Izard, throughout their months of bitter controversy, had been secretly airing his grievances against the elder commissioner in...
28From Benjamin Franklin to [de Reine], [after 12 July 1778] (Franklin Papers)
Draft: American Philosophical Society Les suffrages que vos vers ont obtenus, Monsieur, vous asseurent de leur bonté, je voudrois savoir assez le françois pour sentir tout leur mérite et je vous remercie de l’honeur que vous m’avez fait de me les envoyer; j’ay reçu ce que vous aviez chargé Mr. Brisson de me remettre et j’accepte le ris du thibet a balles noires que vous m’offrez; je ne veux...
29To Benjamin Franklin from Jean de Neufville & fils, [after 28 June 1779] (Franklin Papers)
ALS : American Philosophical Society Will yoúr Excellency give me leave to transcribe at the foot of the present the latest important news we gott here from the Continent if she knew it already, She will excúse ús Zeal from the pleasúre we natúrally felt on the Arrivall of two bottoms from oúr frends in those qúarters, we have seven Sail in oúr harboúr and some more are dayly expected; may we...
30Parabole Contre La Persécution, [after February 1780] (Franklin Papers)
Printed by Benjamin Franklin, Passy [1780]: Yale University Library Franklin had never intended that his pseudo-chapter of Genesis (1755), later known as “Parable Against Persecution,” be published. The piece, which he had printed on a slip of paper and hidden in his Bible, was a private joke; his now-legendary recitations were a harmless hoax meant to provoke and amuse the company. When...
31To Benjamin Franklin from the Abbé Rochon, [after 27 October 1780] (Franklin Papers)
AL : American Philosophical Society Mr. L’Abbé Rochon est prié instament de demander à Mr. Franklin, si l’Eclipse du Soleil vue totale à Penobscot a été observée à New-York ou à New-Cambrige, dont nous ignorons icy les observations à la Reserve de celle de Penobscot qui seule â été envoyée à l’Academie. On a besoin de celles de New Cambrige ou de New-York. On Oct. 9, the newly formed American...
32To Benjamin Franklin from the Baron de Tott, [after 6 March 1780] (Franklin Papers)
ALS : American Philosophical Society M. De Lafayette en partant pour L’amerique m’a Confié La Surveillance dune gravure qui represente Le general Washington, et Je crois ne pouvoir mieux repondre a Ses Vües qu’en madressant a vous pour Le choix et le titre des Bils qui presentent La partie historique, faites moy la grace de m’indiquer le moment ou je pouray aller Vous Consulter a cet egard...
33To Benjamin Franklin from Louis-Guillaume Le Veillard, [after 17 April 1780] (Franklin Papers)
AL : American Philosophical Society Mr. Le Veillard souhaite le bonjour a monsieur franklin et le prie de vouloir bien luy faire dire s’il peut le prendre en passant pour aller ensemble diner chéz mr. de Malesherbes, et si monsieur Jones y viendra aussi, mr. de Malesherbes ayant chargé monsieur franklin le petit fils de l’y engager. Addressed: A Monsieur / Monsieur franklin ministre plenipo- /...
34To Benjamin Franklin from the Comtesse de Golowkin, [after 12 April 1781] (Franklin Papers)
AL : American Philosophical Society Je vous souhaite un tendre bonjour mon cher Papa, et vous prie de me prêter pour quelques instants le recueil des Romances de J.J. Rousseau. La chaleur excessive, des inquiètudes sans nombre, des affaires m’onts empechès tous ces jours ici d’aller vous dire combien je vous aime tendrement, c’est ainsi mon cher Papa, que je vous embrasse. Addressed: à...
35Account of the Contents of the 34 Boxes of Printing Letters, &c Cast at Passy, 27 January 1781[–21 June 1785] (Franklin Papers)
AD : American Philosophical Society Account of the Printing Letters cast at Passy and contain’d in the 34 Boxes, which are marked in small Figures with a Pen on the Side of each Cover or Lid. viz BF wrote this title on the cover sheet he established for the inventory. Below it, in ink now badly faded, he wrote: “Note: there are [ illegible ] Boxes [ illegible ] / 2 of Great Primer cast by...
36I. Jefferson’s Notes on Sheffield’s Observations on the Commerce of the American States, [1783–1784?] (Jefferson Papers)
Ld. Sheffd. pa. 54. The whale fishery even to Hudson’s bay cannot be carried on to greater advantage from Nov. Scot. St. John’s and N.F.L. than from the Eastern states: because the difference of distance is but a few hours sail, besides the whales had left that ground before the war. pa. 58. He is wrong in saying that the Americans being possessed of the greater part of the carrying trade to...
37To Benjamin Franklin from César-François Cassini de Thury, [on or after 14 April 1779] (Franklin Papers)
ALS : American Philosophical Society M Le Roy vient de presenter a Lacademie un ouvrage qui minteresse dautant plus que je le regarde comme Le Votre, nÿ auroit til point de lindiscretion a Vous demander un exemplaire en attendant que jay L’honneur de Vous presenter un ouvräge qui est actuellement sous presse. Je suis avec respect Monsieur Votre très humble et très obeissant serviteur...
19 July 1783 D r . Franklin told me that not long after the elder Lewis Morris (who was once chief Justice of NYork) came to the Governmt. of NJersey, he involved himself in a Dispute with the assembly of that Province—the Doct r . (who was then a printer at Ph a .) went to Burlington while the assembly was sitting there, & were engaged in the Dispute with their Gov r .—the House had referred...
39Account with the State of New York, [30 July 1783–26 March 1784] (Hamilton Papers)
The State of New York, To Alex. Hamilton, Dr. 1783 July 30 To my allowance as a delegate of Congress from the 25 of November 1782 to this day £496 at 5 dollars per day—248 days both days included. Days of travelling in going and coming, 14 days at ditto 28 524 Credit By an order from Col. Udney Hay on Mr. Comfort Sands 200. Also from Col. Hay part of an order for 200 in favour of Mr. Floyed...
40From John Sullivan, with John McDuffee’s Answers to Queries concerning the Moose, 5 March 1781–12 March 1784 (Jefferson Papers)
I have now the honor to inclose answers to your Queries respecting the Moose , and beg you will excuse the long delay. It was late in February when I arrived at Durham and being deeply impressed with the necessity of having your Queries answered with the greatest exactness I wrote to persons in various parts of the Country but have as yet received no answers but the inclosed. My principal...
41Three Draft Replies to Applicants for Emigration, [between 24 January 1783 and 9 March 1784] (Franklin Papers)
(I) AL (incomplete draft): Library of Congress; (II) and (III) AL (incomplete draft): American Philosophical Society Following the signing of the preliminary peace treaty, Franklin was inundated with requests for assistance from people all over Europe who wanted to emigrate to America. More than 30 are summarized in the headnote to Perrault’s letter of January 24, above; they represent only...
42I. Bounds of a Proposed Northwest Colony, 1 September 1783–1 March 1784 (Jefferson Papers)
Bounded by a line of Longitude running from the most Southernly point of Lake Michigan to the Ouabache, then down the middle of the Ouabache to where it crosses a line of Latitude 40 degrees from the equator, thence along the said Line of Latitude to within five degrees of Longitude of the river Delaware, thence along a line five degrees of Longitude in every point of it from the said river...
43Information to Those Who Would Remove to America, [before March 1784] (Franklin Papers)
Printed at Passy, [1784]; AD (draft): Yale University Library; copy: Library of Congress When Franklin sent this pamphlet to Secretary of Congress Charles Thomson on March 9, he explained it as follows: “I am pestered continually with Numbers of Letters from People in different Parts of Europe, who would go to settle in America; but who manifest very extravagant Expectations, such as I can by...
44To Alexander Hamilton from Jacobus Swartwout, [1783] (Hamilton Papers)
[ New York, 1783 .] Requests that Hamilton serve as attorney in a suit brought against Swartwout by John Thurman for nonpayment of debt. ALS , Hamilton Papers, Library of Congress. Swartwout was a member of the New York Assembly from Dutchess County in 1777 and 1778 and from 1780 to 1783.
45Editorial Note on Franklin’s Accounts, 1783 (Franklin Papers)
The following previously identified accounts cover the period of this volume: VI and VII ( XXIII , 21); XVII ( XXVI , 3); XIX and XXII ( XXVIII , 3–4); XXV, XXVII, and XXVIII ( XXXII , 3–4); XXX ( XXXVI , 3); and XXXI ( XXXVIII , 3). We offer here a summary of items that have not found a place elsewhere in our annotation but that provide insights into Franklin’s private and public life....
46Editorial Note on Promissory Notes, 1783 (Franklin Papers)
Seventeen escaped prisoners made their way to Passy and received financial assistance from Franklin during the period covered by this volume. Benjamin Ramsdell of Massachusetts, captured aboard the ship Three Sisters , received 96 l.t. on February 10. Thomas Moore was given 48 l.t. on February 23. Four men applied for assistance on March 9, each of whom received 24 l.t. They were Richard...
47Editorial Note on Franklin’s Accounts, 1783 (Franklin Papers)
The following accounts, identified in previous volumes, continue to apply to the current period: VI and VII ( XXIII , 21); XVII ( XXVI , 3); XIX and XXII ( XXVIII , 3–4); XXV and XXVII ( XXXII , 3–4); XXX ( XXXVI , 3); and XXXI ( XXXVIII , 3). We offer here a summary of entries that have not found a place elsewhere in our annotation but provide insights into Franklin’s private and public life....
48Editorial Note on Promissory Notes, 1783 (Franklin Papers)
Although the hostilities had ceased and most prisoners had been exchanged, American seamen who had escaped from British jails continued to appear at Franklin’s door seeking assistance. When they received it, they either signed or made their marks on triplicate promissory notes that Franklin had printed. Little is known about these men, as their notes were rarely filled in with anything other...
49Editorial Note on Requests to Be Selected a Free Port, 1783 (Franklin Papers)
As soon as the preliminary peace was settled in January, Franklin began receiving appeals from Frenchmen who believed him capable of influencing their government’s selection of free ports for American goods. We summarized those appeals in volume 39, and continue here to summarize the letters he received during the period of this volume. On May 16 a lawyer named Denans from La Seyne sent an...
50Morellet’s Translation of “Reflections upon the Life and Death of Edward Drinker”: Résumé, [1783] (Franklin Papers)
AD (draft) and press copy of copy: American Philosophical Society In May, 1783, an essay about an uncommonly healthy and long-lived Philadelphian appeared in the Gentleman’s Magazine under the title “Reflections upon the Life and Death of Edward Drinker, of the City of Philadelphia, who died on the 17th of November, 1782, in the 103d Year of his Age. Written by an ingenious literary Gentleman...