James Madison Papers
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https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Madison/03-08-02-0347

From James Madison to Congress, 1 December 1814

To Congress

December 1st. 1814

I transmit for the information of Congress the communications last received from the Ministers Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States at Ghent, explaining the course and actual state of their negociations with the Plenipotentiarys of Great Britain.1

James Madison

RC and enclosures, two copies (DNA: RG 233, President’s Messages, 13A–E1; and DNA: RG 46, Legislative Proceedings, President’s Messages, 13A–E2). Each RC in Edward Coles’s hand, signed by JM. For enclosures (printed in ASP description begins American State Papers: Documents, Legislative and Executive, of the Congress of the United States … (38 vols.; Washington, 1832–61). description ends , Foreign Relations, 3:710–26), see n. 1.

1JM enclosed copies of the peace commissioners to James Monroe, 25 Oct. 1814 (4 pp.); the correspondence between the American and British commissioners from 24 Aug. through 24 Oct. 1814 (103 pp.) forwarded with that letter; and the U.S. commissioners’ 31 Oct. 1814 letter to Monroe (1 p.), forwarding a letter of the same date from the British commissioners (2 pp.). On 25 Oct. 1814 the U.S. commissioners observed to Monroe that the enclosed correspondence would show that the British had changed their purportedly nonnegotiable demands regarding their Indian allies (for the demands, see JM to Congress, 10 Oct. 1814, n. 1) to require only that the United States make peace with the Indians but that they had refused to supply a draft of a treaty, had made a “new and inadmissible” demand for territory in their last letter, of 21 Oct. 1814, after learning of the British conquest of Maine east of the Penobscot River, and had dragged out the negotiations with the apparent intention of exploiting the turn of European affairs to their country’s advantage. The Americans still did not expect, they wrote, that the negotiations would result in peace. The enclosed correspondence consisted primarily of arguments on the Indian question, the boundaries between the United States and Canada, and military establishments on the Great Lakes. In their 31 Oct. 1814 letter to Monroe, the U.S. commissioners merely noted that they were enclosing a letter received that day from the British commissioners. The British stated therein that although their note of 21 Oct. 1814 was not in the form of a draft treaty, it listed “all the points upon which they were instructed to insist,” and that they were “empowered to sign a Treaty of Peace forthwith” if those conditions were met. The U.S. commissioners must provide a similar list, the British wrote, before they could proceed to discuss the Americans’ objection to their recent proposal that territorial questions be settled according to which country currently held the lands in question.

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