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Extract from John McKesson’s Notes of Debates, 23 June 1788

Extract from John McKesson’s Notes of Debates

Poughkeepsie, 23 June 1788

Mr. Jay— One or two Remarks have not been mentioned—

It is agreed that a Strong energetic Fœderal Govt. is necessary— Hence we are [to] believe that it believed such a Govt. is practicable. Yet a Gent[leman] has given us to understand that a Strong energetic federal Govt. extending so far as this does is impracticable and the Country inadequate for it—

If this Govt. must have the powers of War Peace and Treaties—every man is interest— If a Representation can be equal [on] this why not answer all the other objects of the Country—

Allowing that the extent of our Country [is] such that we cannot have a like Represent[ation] in our federal Govt. as in the State let enquire whether it is necessary—

A thousand matters come under State Govt. which Gen[era]l Govt. has nothing to do with—

The General Govt. has to do with such matters as concern the States relative to each other and the States relative to foreign Nations If the Members for the Genl. Govt. are sufficiently informed as to the general Produce and Trade of the State it is all that it is or can be necessary—

They may be instructed by the State Legislatures— They may receive Information from Individuals—

On a point (vizt. No.) in which mens minds differ so exceedingly there is reason to suppose there is Doubt—

This was done by Combination— I therefore feel it best to acquiesce— If I saw apparent Danger it would be different— The Danger is suggested from Corruption—

I hav do no[t] apprehend Corruption—

We have gone thro’ perilous Times— we have no reason to suppose many were Corrupted—

The American Characters thereby became greatly & Gloriously distinguished—

I do not remember 65 Members at any time then

Have not principles of Œco[no]my made this & other States send not the whole Number, but only such a bare Represent[ation]

I Agree that this is unwise Œconomy—

There are in Congress now but 13 Votes—in the federal Govt. 91 Votes—which is most easy to purchase— Tis Votes that are to be purchased—

But you cant buy Votes without buying Men

The federal Govt. can Scarce do one Good thing without Nine Votes—very difficult to get them—never more than 11. or 12— To prevent this good thing it is necessary to corrupt two or three Votes— If two Members only corrupt one—if three Corrupt three—

Corrupt 8 or 10 Men you prevent the most salutary Measures—

Corrupt the like No. under this Govt. the Good thing will yet be done & every thing go on—

As the federal Govt. now exists a man may go home and Leave his Colleague—

The Ballance is in favour of the Change to guard agt. Corruption—

If a Bad bill pass one House the other will check it—

If it pass both Houses Objections may be made then two thirds will be necessary—

Tho I prefer large Representat[ion] to Small ones yet I am perfectly Contented—

A Member from NYork has spoken Demonstration—

If 1 to 6 be the proportion between NYork & Delaware it must be so throughout—

Representation & Taxation be according to relative Numbers

Gentlemen must dispute thro’ Stonewalls to get thro’ this—

If these are facts the Consequences are obvious—

I have no points to carry I came here to consider Facts—

AD, NHi: McKesson notes (EJ: 13422). For the complete debates for 23 June 1788, see DHRC description begins John P. Kaminski, Gaspare J. Saladino, Richard Leffler, Charles H. Schoenleber, and Margaret A. Hogan, eds. Documentary History of the Ratification of the Constitution (28 vols. to date; Madison, Wis., 1976–) description ends , 22: 1801–27.

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