James Madison Papers
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From James Madison to James Madison, Sr., 3 December 1784

To James Madison, Sr.

Richmond Decr. 3. 1784

Hon’d Sir

My last informed you that a vote had passed in favor of Circuit Courts. A bill has since been brought in and will shortly be considered.1 The difficulty of suiting it to every palate, & the many latent objections of a selfish & private nature which will shelter themselves under some plausible objections of a public nature to which every innovation is liable render the event extremely uncertain. In the Course of this week The H. of D. have agreed to pay the British debts by annual portions for 7 years disallowing interest between the 19th. of Apl. 1775 & 3d. of March 1783, the period of hostilities.2 It is not unlikely that the same observations above made on the Circuit Court bill may be found applicable to this Case. The bill for the Genl. Asst. was brought in yesterday. Its fate is equally uncertain. I inclose a copy of Treaty at Fort Stanwix which I rcd. by yesterdays post. The Commissrs. were proceeding to Fort Pitt to hold another Treaty.3 No Congs. had been formed on the 20th. of Novr. nor much prospect of a speedy one. The British hold the N. Western Post yet & assign in justification the breach of the Peace in Virga. & N. York. I am much better than at the date of my last & with affct. respects to family Remain Yr. Dutiful Son

Js Madison Jr.

[P. S.] Mr. Innes is not here & I believe is gone towards Kentucky, it will be well therefore to write to him on yr. business; if he sd. appear here again I can speak to him.

RC (DLC). Docketed. Addressed, with the outer cover directing the letter to the care of “Capt. Buckner,” and the postscript written on the verso.

1JM introduced the “Circuit Courts” or Assize bill on the preceding day. The bill was actually drafted by Edmund Pendleton as a member of the Committee of Revisors set up in 1776. The legislation became a political football, for early in 1778 the scheme passed the House of Delegates only to fail in the Senate by one vote. “Our Judiciary System is lame without it,” Pendleton complained then, and the situation had since worsened (Mays, Papers of Edmund Pendleton, I, 247).

2JM crossed through the next sentence: “The bill for a Genl. Assmt. was introduced yesterday.”

3The first conference between the congressional commissioners and the Iroquois delegation was held at old Fort Stanwix (Fort Schuyler), with JM as a witness (JM to Jefferson, 11 Oct. 1784). The congressional commissioners then headed for Pennsylvania and a similar meeting with tribesmen, but after a conference at Fort Pitt it was decided to move the treaty talks to Fort McIntosh, thirty miles downstream from Fort Pitt (Hallock F. Raup, ed., “Journal of Griffith Evans, Clerk to the Pennsylvania Commissioners at Fort Stanwix and Fort McIntosh, 1784–1785,” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, LXV [1941], 229–30).

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