Thomas Jefferson Papers
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From Thomas Jefferson to John Adams, 4 September 1785

To John Adams

Paris Sep. 4. 1785.

Dear Sir

On receipt of your favors of Aug. 18. and 23. I conferred with Mr. Barclay on the measures necessary to be taken to set our treaty with the pyratical states into motion through his agency. Supposing that we should begin with the emperor of Marocco, a letter to the emperor and instructions to Mr. Barclay seemed necessary. I have therefore sketched such outlines for these as appear to me to be proper. You will be so good, as to detract, add to, or alter them as you please, to return such as you approve under your signature, to which I will add mine. A person understanding English, French and Italian, and at the same time meriting confidence, was not to be met with here. Colo. Franks understanding the two first languages perfectly, and a little Spanish instead of Italian, occurred to Mr. Barclay as the fittest person he could employ for a Secretary. We think his allowance (exclusive of his travelling expences and his board which will be paid by Mr. Barclay in common with his own) should be between 100 and 150 guineas a year. Fix it where you please between these limits. What is said in the instructions to Mr. Barclay as to his own allowance was proposed by himself. My idea as to the partition of the whole sum to which we are limited (80,000 D.) was that one half of it should be kept in reserve for the Algerines. They certainly possess more than half of the whole power of the Pyratical states. I thought then that Marocco might claim the half of the remainder, that is to say one fourth1 of the whole. For this reason in the instructions2 I propose 20,000 D. as the limits of the expences2 of the Marocco treaty. Be so good as to think of it, and to make it what you please. I should be more disposed to enlarge than abridge it on account of their neighborhood to our Atlantic trade. I did not think that these papers should be trusted through the post office, and therefore, as Colo. Franks is engaged in the business, he comes with them. Passing by the diligence the whole expence will not exceed 12 or 14 guineas. I suppose we are bound to avail ourselves of the co-operation of France. I will join you therefore in any letter you think proper to write to the Count de Vergennes. Would you think it expedient to write to Mr. Carmichael to interest the interposition of the Spanish court? I will join you in any thing of this kind you will originate. In short be so good as to supply whatever you may think necessary. With respect to the money Mr. Jay’s information to you was that it was to be drawn from Holland. It will rest therefore with you to avail Mr. Barclay of that fund either by your draughts, or by a letter of credit to the bankers in his favour to the necessary amount. I imagine the Dutch Consul at Marocco may be rendered an useful character in the remittances of money to Mr. Barclay while at Marocco.

You were apprised, by a letter from Mr. Short, of the delay which had arisen in the execution of the treaty with Prussia. I wrote a separate letter of which I inclose you a copy, hoping it would meet one from you and set them again into motion. I have the honour to be with the highest respect Dear Sir Your most obedient & most humble servt.,

Th: Jefferson

RC (MHi: AMT); endorsed. PrC (DLC). Tr (DNA: PCC, No. 86); in David Humphreys’ hand, with one alteration in TJ’s hand. Entry in SJPL reads: “Adams J. Barbary treaties. Barbary. Franks.” Enclosures: TJ’s “Heads for a letter to the Emperor of Marocco,” “Heads of instructions,” and “Heads of enquiry” for Thomas Barclay (see Commissioners to Barclay and Lamb, 11 Oct. 1785—Documents iii [1], ii, and iv, respectively, and notes there); and a copy of TJ to Dumas and Short, 1 Sep. 1785.

Barclay also sent Adams a letter, dated 5 Sep., by Franks, in accordance with TJ’s desire that he “add any thing that occurs relative to the funds necessary to accomplish the object”; gives his opinion that “Twenty thousand livres laid out in Trinkets may be quite sufficient for the present and that promises for the Remainder being deliver’d with the Treaty signed by yourself and Mr. Jefferson will answer all our purposes”; he will make an accounting of all money paid out; there will be three persons, himself, Franks, and a domestic; they will need four horses or mules and a light carriage, if one can be procured without delay; has written Carmichael about his arrival; supposes Adams will think it necessary to give him a credit on Amsterdam (RC, MHi: AMT).

1This word in Tr first read “half,” in Humphreys’ hand, but was corrected by TJ to “fourth.”

2This and the preceding two words are not in Tr.

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