1. For GW’s orders regarding the Maréchaussée Corps, see General Orders, 11 Oct.; see also GW to Heer, that date.

2. Christian Mancke, a European officer who had come to America before 1777, had been appointed in February 1777 as first lieutenant of Capt. John Paul Schott’s company in Ottendorf’s independent corps of foreigners. When that corps was reduced and reorganized in the spring of 1778, Mancke transferred to Heer’s Maréchaussée Corps and served as its captain-lieutenant until he resigned his commission in November 1779, giving as his reason the inadequacy of his pay. The following February Congress granted Mancke $1,000 to cover his expenses in returning to Europe (JCC description begins Worthington Chauncey Ford et al., eds. Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789. 34 vols. Washington, D.C., 1904–37. description ends , 16:157).

3. Johann Heinrich Wulffen (Wolfen), a native of Magdeburg, Germany, who called himself a baron and said that he had been an infantry lieutenant in the Prussian army, had arrived in America sometime earlier this year without “satisfactory credentials,” and the Board of War had sent him to camp to be evaluated by Steuben. “Finding him unqualified for the inspectorate,” Steuben had referred Wulffen to Heer, “who nominated him as a Lieutenant” in the Maréchaussée Corps (JCC description begins Worthington Chauncey Ford et al., eds. Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789. 34 vols. Washington, D.C., 1904–37. description ends , 18:1179–81; see also Richard Peters to James Duane, 9 Dec. 1780, DNA:PCC, item 26). On 5 Nov. Wulffen was convicted by a court-martial of striking and confining a sergeant without provocation, and he was sentenced to be reprimanded in the general orders (see General Orders, 11 Nov. 1778). Wulffen remained on active duty with the Maréchaussée Corps until the spring of 1779, when he was discharged because the Board of War, having been informed that Wulffen’s “behavior and Caracter are not sufficient,” refused to grant him a commission (Heer to GW, 7 May 1779, DLC:GW; see also GW to the Board of War, 22 May 1779 [first letter], DLC:GW; and Richard Kidder Meade to Heer, 1 June 1779, DLC:GW). Steuben gave Wulffen about $200 to return to Europe, where he arrived by June 1780, claiming to be a captain of an American light dragoons corps and an aide-de-camp to GW. Wulffen obtained twenty guineas from Benjamin Franklin in Paris by telling him that he had been wounded and captured at Amboy, N.J., in October 1779 and then imprisoned in England until he was exchanged the following April (see Wulffen to Franklin, before 1 June 1780, in Franklin Papers description begins William B. Willcox et al., eds. The Papers of Benjamin Franklin. 42 vols. to date. New Haven, 1959–. description ends , 32:457; Franklin to Wulffen, 11 June 1780, Franklin Papers description begins William B. Willcox et al., eds. The Papers of Benjamin Franklin. 42 vols. to date. New Haven, 1959–. description ends , 32:504; and Franklin to Sonnemaens, 16 June 1780, Franklin Papers description begins William B. Willcox et al., eds. The Papers of Benjamin Franklin. 42 vols. to date. New Haven, 1959–. description ends , 32:538). In December 1780 Congress reluctantly agreed to pay two large unauthorized bills of exchange that Wulffen had drawn on Congress in Europe, in order to avoid embarrassing the Dutch firm that had honored them (see JCC description begins Worthington Chauncey Ford et al., eds. Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789. 34 vols. Washington, D.C., 1904–37. description ends , 18:1179–81).

4. John Jacob Mytinger (Mettinger; 1750–1793), who had been born in the Margraviate of Baden in Germany and had emigrated to Philadelphia with his parents at the age of 4, apparently served in the Maryland artillery before joining the Maréchaussée Corps in the summer of 1778. He remained a lieutenant in the corps until the end of the war. In 1784 Mytinger opened a tavern in Philadelphia at the sign of General Washington on Vine Street between Second and Third Streets. He died in the yellow fever epidemic of 1793.

5. John Weiss had enlisted as drum major of the 1st Rhode Island Regiment in the spring of 1777, and the following October Maj. Gen. Israel Putnam had appointed him provost marshal for the part of the army that he then commanded on the Hudson River. In July 1778 Weiss became provost marshal for the main army, and he served in that capacity until he resigned in March 1780 (see JCC description begins Worthington Chauncey Ford et al., eds. Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789. 34 vols. Washington, D.C., 1904–37. description ends , 26: 253, 271–72).