George Washington Papers

To George Washington from Daniel Roberdeau, 4 June 1778

From Daniel Roberdeau

York [Pa.] June 4th 1778

Sir

I am ever loath to intrude on your Excellency, as I well know the great embarrassments attending your important sphere do not admit of any unnecessary or fruitless Correspondence, but I am as sensible of your attention to the most minute Circumstance which has a tendancy to promote the common Cause, therefore permit me to inform your Excellency that the want of Smelters of lead is the only remora now in the way of supplying your Army in the most speedy & ample manner with that necessary Article, now transported from distant parts of the Continent, from a vein of Ore in this State, within nine miles of the navigation of a branch of Juniata.1 A large quantity of Ore is at the pits mouth, a mill for stamping constructed, & a Furnace will be finished, I expect within ten days from this time, but Artificers of the above Class are so scarce in this young Country, that having tryed to obtain them by advertising and from Deserters from the Brittish Army, I am at length constrained reluctantly to trouble you on the Subject.2 Colonel Scammell hints an expedient of sending into Philada; to bring out such, with a promise of a handsome reward. I would most cheerfully give such reward, but know not how to set about so hazardous an enterprize. My own mind has suggested the probability of such Characters being in your own Army, and whether they, only three wented, can serve their Country equally in the capacity of Soldiers. One Edward Harris a Sergeant of the 15th Virginia Regiment has been mentioned to me as a man of sobriety integrity and ingenuity in analyzing Metals, but does not profess to be compitent to the Business on a large scale, he has been spoke to in my behalf by Major Clark, and is willing to be enlarged on furlow to make a tryal. I will not trouble your Excellency by enlarging on these hints. Major Clark will proffer Encouragements if you should think proper, to issue your orders for obtaining these useful Artificers, without whom the prospect however flattering of a great internal resource of lead must fail.3 To prevent the Evacuation of the frontier of Bedford County and, for the general defence against Indian incursions I have built with Logs at the Mine in Sinking Spring Valley at the foot of Fisher Mountain, a Fort, Cabbin fashion, 50 yds square with a Bastion at each Corner. The Fort consists of 48 Cabbins about twelve feet square exclusive of the Bastions. I left Major Robt Clugage a discreet Officer in Command with about seventy men chiefly Militia, with a few Continental Troops raised to serve until the 1st Decr next.4 I most sincerely congratulate your Excellency on the happy prospect of publick Affairs and am with unfeigned regard Your Excellencys most obedient & very hume Ser.

Daniel Roberdeau

ALS, DLC:GW.

1Maj. Gen. John Armstrong wrote President Thomas Wharton, Jr., of the Pennsylvania supreme executive council on 23 Feb. 1778 concerning a lead mine in the foothills of the Allegheny Mountains near Frankstown, Bedford (now Blair) County, Pennsylvania. He claimed that GW “is of Opinion with me, that the Mine ought or may at least for the present be seized by, and belong to the State, and that private persons who without right may have sat down on that reserved Tract, shou’d neither prevent the present use of the Lead, nor be admitted to make a monopoly of the Mine” (Pa. Archives description begins Samuel Hazard et al., eds. Pennsylvania Archives. 9 ser., 138 vols. Philadelphia and Harrisburg, 1852–1949. description ends , 1st ser., 6:293–94). For further correspondence and information relating to the development of this mine, see ibid., 6:412–14, 422–24, 446–47; and General Orders, 26 April, n.2.

2The following advertisement appeared in the Pennsylvania Gazette (York) on 11 April: “WANTED, A MAN of good character, who understands working a CUPOLA or AIR FURNACE for smelting of lead. Such a person will meet with suitable encouragement and employment in this State, by applying to DANIEL ROBERDEAU, in York Town, by letter or in person.”

3A call for artificers appeared in the General Orders for 15 June; see also GW’s reply to Roberdeau of that date.

4Fort Roberdeau, as it eventually was named, was built in Sinking Run Valley in what is now Tyrone Township, Blair County, eight miles northeast of Altoona, Pennsylvania. For more information on the fort (now a museum), see Pa. Archives description begins Samuel Hazard et al., eds. Pennsylvania Archives. 9 ser., 138 vols. Philadelphia and Harrisburg, 1852–1949. description ends , 1st ser., 12:454–55. Robert Cluggage (c.1751–1789) of Bedford County, Pa., was appointed a captain in Col. William Thompson’s Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment in June 1775, became a captain in the 1st Continental Infantry Regiment in January 1776, and resigned in October 1776.

Index Entries