George Washington Papers
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From George Washington to Major General Philemon Dickinson, 13 June 1780

To Major General Philemon Dickinson

Head Quarters Springfeild 13th June 1780

Dear Sir

I have the pleasure of receiving yours of the 11th instant—The enemy still continue upon Elizabeth town point with their pickets advanced to the Town—The Militia assembled in a very spirited manner upon the first alarm. Their numbers at present amount to between 2500 and 3000; but as I knew it must be extremely inconvenient for so many to remain abroad, I had, last evening, a meeting with General Heard and the Feild Officers when it was determined to endeavour to keep up about 1500 and dismiss the remainder1—That number I think will be sufficient to keep the present force of the enemy in check—Should they receive reinforcements and advance into the Country, we must then call out such further force as circumstances may require. I think the mode of keeping out the number I have mentioned preferable to that of calling out the whole at once, unless there should be a certain want of their services.

I shall be very happy to see you immediately at Camp where I think the proper arrangements may be made with more precision than at Trenton. I am with great Regard Dear Sir yr &.

Df, in Tench Tilghman’s writing, DLC:GW; Varick transcript, DLC:GW.

1GW had met New Jersey militia brigadier general Nathaniel Heard and his field officers at Major General Steuben’s quarters on 12 June “to settle a general plan for the disposition of the Militia” (Alexander Hamilton to Steuben, 12 June, in Hamilton Papers description begins Harold C. Syrett et al., eds. The Papers of Alexander Hamilton. 27 vols. New York, 1961–87. description ends , 2:337). GW prepared an undated document that he docketed “Militia to be retained in Service—& mode of relief—as agreed on by Genl Herd & the Field officers—Jersey.” It reads:

“Colo. Scudder 350. Middlesex near Princeton
Chamberlain [blank] Hunterdon upper part.
Philips 350 [Hunterdon]
[Van] Courtlandt ½ Essex New-ark
Jaques ½ 200 [Essex] Elizabeth Town
We[b]ster ½ 175 Middlesex East of Rariton

“The above to continue till a relief arrives wch is expected on Monday next by four classes from the Regimts of[:]

Colo. Nelson ½. 200 Middlesex West side Rariton
Seely ½. 250 Morris Bottle Hill
Taylor ½. 200. Hunterton Maidenhead
Frelinghn ½ 240 Somerset Middlebrook
Vandyke ½. 200 [Somerset] Millstone
Starke ½ 250 Morris

“The above detachment of 4 Classes is to be commanded by Colo. Tayl[o]r [;] Lt Col. Meddagh [Middah] Majr Nefuis [Nevius] Hunterdon & Somerset [;] Colo. Starke[,] Lt Colo. Hathaway[,] Majr V[an] Emberg Middlesex & Morris.

“The above Detachment to continue in service one fortnight & to be again relieved by 4 Classes from the Regimts of Colo. Scudder[,] Chamberlayne[,] Phillips & others wch may be ordered.

“The Regimts of Colo. Webster[,] Courtlandt, & Jaques not to be again called out by detachments after the arrival of the Reliefs, but to remain at home & furnish their whole force upon emergencies.

“In case of future alarms, the intelligence to be conveyed to the nearest field Officer of each Regiment by Express” (AD, DLC:GW, filed at the end of May 1780; Varick transcript, DLC:GW).

GW also considered a full deployment of New Jersey militia. On a document docketed Rendezvous of the Militia in cases of Alarm” in GW’s writing and “May 1780” in an unidentified writing, GW’s assistant secretary James McHenry presented the “Alarm Posts and Places of Rendezvous of the Militia of New Jersey.” The document reads: “Counties & Colonels[.] Middlesex—North of raratan[.] Colonel Webster. 1 To assemble at the Short Hills and Quible Town—To have some small Parties of the most Trusty Men to watch the Motions of the Enemy and to give him frequent Information which he is to communicate to the Commander in Chief as soon as possable. 2 If He finds the Enemy advancing into the Country to endeavour to keep on one or both their Flanks and as near their Front as possible, and to keep up a constant Fire with small Parties in different Places. 3 If they press towards the Mountains and seem to intend to penetrate them He is to possess Himself of the Gap they move towards and give them all the annoyance and obstruction in his Power.

“Middlesex South of raraton. Colonels, Neilson and Scudder To assemble at Brunswick and south Bridge [carry out] 1. 2. [as above] And further to act according to Circumstances most effectually to distress and annoy the Enemy.

“Essex. Southern Part and Middle Part. To assemble at Connecticut Farms W[es]t Field and Spring Field and Mountain Meeting House—[carry out] 1 2. 3. [as above].

“Colonel [Van] Cortland—Northern Part To assemble Part on the Hills in the rear of Newark, and Part at the Heights near Doctr Roaches above Aquackanonck—[carry out] 1. 2. 3. [as above]

“Somerset—North of raratan[.] Colo. Frelinghusen To assemble Part at Capt. Tingleys near Quible Town gap, and Part at Turkey Meeting House to have a particular attention to all the gaps and Passes of the Mountains between Quible Town and Turkey—[carry out] 1. 2. 3 [as above]

“Somerset South of raratan To assemble at the landing Bridge and Part at Bound Brook. 1. 2.

“Colo. Vandyke If He finds the Enemy are pushing towards the Mountains He is to move his Regiment within the Mountains, and to act in concert with Colonel Frelinghusen in opposing them.

“Bergen County. Colo. Dye [Dey] To assemble on the Heights near Hackensack new Bridge—Early to send out one Party to the little Ferry and another towards Closter to prevent the Enemy turning his right or left—[carry out] 1. 2. 3 [as above].

“Morris County[.] Colo. Seely The lower Part to assemble as soon as possible at Chatham and Bottle Hill—[carry out] 1 2. 3 [as above]

“The Upper Part[.] Colo. Monson [Munson] 4 To assemble as soon as possible at their usual Places of Meeting, and to march by Companies by the shortest roads to Morris Town and there take further orders.

“Sussex—Colo. Soward [Seward], & Colo. Webster at Phillipsburgh—To assemble at their usual Places of Meeting by Companies and to march by the shortest roads to Morris Town and there take further orders.

“Hunterdon County[.] Colo. Beaver To assemble at German Town and to march by Veal Town to Morris Town.

“Colonel Taylor & Lt Col. Chamberlin To assemble at reading Town Meeting House to march by Pluckimin Boulins [Bullion’s] Tavern and Baskingridge Meeting House to Morris Town.

“Hunterdon Co. Colonel Phillips—To assemble at Hopewell and to march by Somerset Court House and Bound Brook to Morris Town.

“Burlington County[.] Colo. Wm Shrieve [and] Colo. Thos Reonalds To assemble at Princetown and to march by Somerset Court House and Bound Brook to Morris Town.

“Monmouth County[.] Colo. Holmes—To assemble at South Amboy and along the Shore towards Middletown.

“Colo. Hendrickson [and] Colo. Saml Foreman To assemble at Middletown Tinton Falls Shrewsbury and Deal—To watch the Motions of the Enemy, and in Case of their Landing to give them all the Annoyance in their Power” (DLC:GW).

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