1. Landon Cabell Read (b. 1803) was the son of Thomas Read and his first wife, Anne Haskins (Alice Read, The Reads and Their Relatives … [Cincinnati, Ohio, 1930], 296, 304). Read and Nathaniel Helme did visit Montpelier on 9–10 Nov. 1820, and Helme’s recollections of the visit were first published in the Providence Patriot and republished on 13 Jan. 1821 in the Amherst, N.H., Hillsboro’ Telegraph: “You will of course suspect that our curiosity could not be gratified before visiting the illustrious Patriort [sic] of Montpelier, Mr. Madison, whom, I am also happy to say, we found in good health. The view from Mr. Madison’s residence is variegated and delightful; his person though small, is highly interesting; an amiable gravity and dignity sit enthroned on his brow; affability & politeness characterize his deportment. The paintings in his house are elegant; his dress is black, his hair powdered and tied behind. Mrs. Madison is a very pleasant, accomplished lady. We dined, supped, lodged and breakfasted with Mr. Madison; and having taken leave of our hospitable hosts, departed on the 10th inst.”

2. For JM’s Virginia Resolutions, see PJM description begins William T. Hutchinson et al., eds., The Papers of James Madison (1st ser., vols. 1–10, Chicago, 1962–77, vols. 11–17, Charlottesville, Va., 1977–91). description ends 17:188–90.

3. Thomas Read (1768–1834) of Ash Camp, Charlotte County, Virginia, not to be confused with his uncle, Col. Thomas Read (1741–1817), longtime county clerk, served with JM in the Virginia House of Delegates, 1799–1800 (Read, Reads and Their Relatives, 296–99, 541–42; Swem and Williams, Register description begins Earl G. Swem and John W. Williams, eds., A Register of the General Assembly of Virginia, 1776–1918, and of the Constitutional Conventions (Richmond, 1918). description ends , 52).