George Washington Papers
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https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-16-02-0520

To George Washington from Brigadier General Peter Muhlenberg, 2 September 1778

From Brigadier General Peter Muhlenberg

[White Plains] Septr 2d 1778

Sir

The uncertainty of the Enemys real Intention in transporting a part of their Army, from York to Rhode Island, renders it allmost impossible in our present Situation, to judge with propriety in what manner their Designs may, or ought to be counteracted. The Object of their Expedition must be, either to reinforce the Garrison or bring them of[f], or perhaps they intend to try their Fortune on the Main, in the Neighbourhood of Rhode Island with the best part of their Army—either of these Objects may be their Aim, but, untill it can be determind with some degree of Certainty, which of these they have in view, a Movement of this Army to the Eastward might prove very prejudicial; especially if their Object is either of the two first mentioned, for they would have time enough to take of[f] the Garrison, or Compell General Sullivan to Quit the Island, before We could possibly come to his Assistance—and as they have so great an Advantage over us, by transporting their troops by Water, They might possibly find an Opportunity to bring their whole Force to Act agt this State or any other, on the South side of the North River & cut of[f] our Communication with the Southern States, before We could be in a Condition to prevent it—Should they accomplish this; besides other ruinous Consequences, The Army would be distressd for want of Provisions, especially Bread—from this I conceive, nothing could Justify the March of the Army to the Eastward at this time, except the Army with General Sullivan should be so entangled That without the Assistance of this Army, they must fall into the Hands of the Enemy—Relative to an Expedition against York Island—as I did not understand Your Excellency meant to make a Serious Impression, I can see no desireable Object; except it is, to make a Diversion in favor of General Sullivan, but if He has left the Island, that Object Vanishes of Course—The Enemys Works on this Side Kingsbridge may probably be Wrested from them by a Coup de Main but even there the Enemy would have the Advantage. They would defend the Works so long as they thought it could be done to Advantage, & then retreat over the Bridge, which we could not prevent, so that We should only gain a post, with the loss of a Number of Men, We would not care to Occupy.

Upon the whole I conceive, That the Post which the Army at present Occupies is best Calculated for a General plan of Defence—We cover the Communication between the Southern & Eastern States—Awe the Enemy in New York & its dependencies—and can be ready at the shortest Notice to March to the Assistance of any State East or South, as the Operations of the Enemy shall make it necessary; or as soon, as their intentions shall be better known, which probably will be in a few days. I have the Honor to be Your Excellencys Most Obedt humble Servt

P: Muhlenberg.

ALS, DLC:GW; Varick transcript, DLC:GW. This is Muhlenberg’s reply to the questions posed by GW at a council of war on the evening of 1 September.

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