Adams Papers
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Abigail Adams to Thomas Boylston Adams, 25 December 1800

Abigail Adams to Thomas Boylston Adams

Washington December 25 1800

my dear Thomas

We have public worship every Sunday in the Representitive’s Chamber in the Capitol; I have just returnd from hearing Bishop Clagget deliver a discourse from those words in the Gosple of st Luke, [“]Glory to God in the highest Peace on Earth, and Good Will to Men.”1 this is a doctrine full of Mercy and benevolence, of which the present generation appear little disposed to cultivate and cherish.— Should I put down one half my thoughts and reflections upon the present Prospect of our Country I should be considerd as gloomy and dissapointed but I see not where we are to land; the Government will undergo a compleat revolution. every office & departments is already parceled out. the misfortune is that there are as Many hungry antis, as there have been meritorious candidates for on the federal side; and therefore many must be dissapointed Baltimore Smith is cut out for secretary of Navy Maddison secretary of state Dearbourn Secretary of War, Mercer Gallitin, and Tench Cox Secretary of the Treasury, Munroe Minister to France, and who should You think of to England?2 can You believe that J Q A, is named by the party for that office embassy; for (all the present Ministers are to be recall’d). I do not believe that any of this distribution is Jeffersons, but the Party are very buisy for him. in concequence of this intimation the President has determined to recall Your Brother directly, that he cannot and will not accept an appointment under the change of administration, I am very sure of. you know he wrote me that he was Making arrangements to be ready to return in the spring, if the Change which I predicted Should take place;3 the probability is, that mr Jefferson & Burr stand upon an equal footing. the federal party will therefore be in a strait betwixt two, a Choice of difficulties. if they had the nerve and firmness of the Pensilvanna senators—they would take neither— to be obliged to give their voice and vote, where they declare they have not any confidence, and the Government resting upon the pillars of public confidence, if they are broken down, upon what can it Stand? the difference is, the Democrats, rely upon Jefferson, but neither Party upon the other— it would be raising a Man to the Government uncontemplated by the people— the federalist suppose they might bargain with Burr, and receive him upon certain conditions but if he has his price, how is he to be trusted?—

Gov’r Davie said to Me, that he was surprized at the federilists; they had lost all, by aming at two ralling points; he said that he had not conversed with any person here who appeard to have any adequate Idea of the effects of the Change would produce abroad; from a state of the highest respectability, which the wisdom and energy of the Government had created in the minds of foreign Nations. we Should now be considerd, as unstable fluctuating and Revolutionary— our Credit would diminish, and our funds Sink or rather depreciate—that no one could calculate upon the injury we should experience— there is not any buisness done by either House. they meet and adjourn. Harper who has been absent most of the Session, came last week to assist in making a speech to raise the Mausolium, and the House have voted one, & two Hundred thousand dollors to build it—4 I think fully with you upon the subject I was shocked at Lees Virginna delicacy; but it is like the Man, not to feel and to reflect upon the conduct of our Legislators. a person must be as insensible as the stones with which this Egyptian Pyramid is to be raised— Washington was a virginian. to him temples shall be built and alters raised— be sure he monopolized in his own person a large proportion of the Virtue and talents of the state from whence he originated, and he deserved all the gratitude and affection which a gratefull people can bestow, but at the very period when they are voting to raise trophies to his Memory, they are placeing those very Men in the seat, which he occupied with so Much dignity to himself, & benifit to his Country who they know, will pull down the Edifice which he and his Successor, have laboured to preserve, beautify Strengthen and adorn they are for spreading such a Glory arround him, as to cast into a shade Services as disinterested, as meritorious as arduous as he ever aechived the World, & posterity will show a more impartial judgment.—

I went last week to Mount Vernon and past a couple of days with my old Friend Mrs washington who gave me a Most cordial reception; I was much dissapointed in the House, and in the richness of the soil. the prospect of the River is fine, but tho mr duane thinks the Magnificence of the Washington Palace less suited to the President of the united states than his Farm House at Quincy I Would not exchange it, for the Mount Vernon House—nor the grounds arround it—5 My House in its present state, presents a handsomer front has larger Rooms, and is better finished— Preistly you know was angry with Cobbet for depreciating his House—6 tho my Quincy House was not Made for the President of the united states, it has more comforts and conveniencees, in and about it than this Huge Castle and all I want or wish for, would be about 5000 dollors a year to spend in it, and about it—

My spirits are sometimes ready to Sink under my Private troubles, and public ingratitude. I endeavour to rally them again, least I should become unfit for the discharge of those duties which are still incumbent upon me, one of which is to encounter a tedious winter journey; I own I have a dread of it—and have not yet fixed My plan: I have thought as the Season will be like to prevent my travelling in my own carriage, that it would be best to leave to the public all which we have here and get a new Coachee made, handsome and good, as it will be the only carriage we can afford to keep. for this purpose I made the inquiry. I do not know whether what are calld Quarter lights were included in the calculation made; You know the one I have is stuft and not made to rool up— beside it has a long steps of three turns which come near the ground which are necessary for me— Bringhurst is Most acquainted With the manner in which I want one made— I am not Satisfied but that I should do better to have one made in Boston by Frothingham— the only difficulty will be the time it requires to do it—

I received the articles sent by mr Thornton safe. the silk stockings You inquire after we have not nor have I seen any Since You left us last winter. the woolen I took— they were put in the trunk which went by water, and were forgotten by me untill I found them in putting up my things to come away. I then sent them with some worsted to be done; so by an other Season you may look for them—

The President has appointed mr Jay chief Justice is he refuses as I fear he will, Mr cushing will be offered it, but if he declines, then mr Patterson will be appointed—7 I know it to be the intention of the President to appoint mr Ingersell a Judge if a vacancy offers— this is in confidence. your opinion is So correct and judicious upon all those subjects in upon which You offer it, that I have great confidence in it, and so has the President. I send the Letter requested—and / am Your truly affectionate / Mother

A A

RC (Adams Papers); endorsed: “Mrs: A Adams / 25th: Decr: 1800— / 30th: Recd: / Do ansd:.”

1Rev. Thomas John Claggett’s sermon was drawn from Luke, 2:14. Claggett (1743–1816), Princeton 1764, was elected the first Episcopal bishop of Maryland in 1792, a position he held for 24 years. He also served as the first chaplain of the U.S. Senate after the federal seat moved to Washington, D.C., in 1800 (Princetonians description begins James McLachlan, Richard A. Harrison, Ruth L. Woodward, Wesley Frank Craven, and J. Jefferson Looney, Princetonians: A Biographical Dictionary, Princeton, N.J., 1976–1991; 5 vols. description ends , 1:453–456).

2Despite rumors regarding who would serve in Thomas Jefferson’s cabinet, neither John Francis Mercer nor Tench Coxe received appointments. Neither did James Monroe receive a diplomatic posting to France at this time. For the nominations of Samuel Smith, James Madison, Henry Dearborn, and Albert Gallatin, see William Smith Shaw to AA, 25 Feb. [1801], and note 3, below.

3That is, JQA to AA, 11 July 1800, for which see AA to JQA, 15 May, note 5, above. For JQA’s recall as minister to Prussia, see AA to TBA, 3 Feb. 1801, and note 3, below.

4During the ongoing debate in the House of Representatives on the bill to erect a mausoleum for George Washington, for which see TBA to William Smith Shaw, 21 Dec. 1800, and note 3, above, Robert Goodloe Harper spoke in favor of the measure on 23 Dec., claiming it was the only proper memorial because it “would present the same imperishable appearance two thousand years hence, that it would now” (Annals of Congress description begins The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States [1789–1824], Washington, D.C., 1834–1856; 42 vols. description ends , 6th Cong., 2d sess., p. 856–857, 862–863).

5The Philadelphia Aurora General Advertiser, 18 Dec., reported that JA’s “humble farm house at Quincey but ill comports with the superb palace of the nation.

6During the ongoing feud between William Cobbett and Joseph Priestley, for which see vol. 13:546–547, Cobbett in 1799 described Priestley’s house in Northumberland, Penn., as a “shed.” The attack prompted Priestley to defend the property, claiming “there are perhaps few that are equal to it in the whole State” (Philadelphia Porcupine’s Gazette, 28 Aug. 1799; Priestley, Letters to Northumberland description begins Joseph Priestley, Letters to the Inhabitants of Northumberland and Its Neighbourhood, Northumberland, Penn., 1799; 2 vols., Evans, Nos. 36161, 36162. description ends , 1:4).

7JA nominated John Jay as chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court on 18 Dec. 1800, and the Senate confirmed the appointment the next day. In notifying Jay of the appointment, JA wrote, “In the future Administration of our Country the firmest Security We can have against the Effects of visionary Schemes or fluctuating Theories, will be in a solid Judiciary: and nothing will cheer the hopes of the best Men so much as your Acceptance of this appointment.” Jay, however, declined the appointment on 2 Jan. 1801, and JA subsequently nominated John Marshall to the post on 20 Jan., which the Senate confirmed on the 27th (U.S. Senate, Exec. Jour. description begins Journal of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate of the United States of America, Washington, D.C., 1789– . description ends , 6th Cong., 2d sess., p. 360, 371, 374; JA to Jay, 19 Dec. 1800, ICN:Rudy L. Ruggles Coll.; Jay to JA, 2 Jan. 1801, Adams Papers).

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