George Washington Papers
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To George Washington from William Livingston, 8 March 1780

From William Livingston

Trenton [N.J.] 8th March 1780

Dear Sir—

I must apologize to your Excellency for this Application; the Singularity of which I hope will be the more excusable from the particular Regard which the most respectable part of our Citizens have for the unfortunate Person in whose behalf it is made.

The Enemy in the Month of December last, offered us the following Exchange of Prisoners,

Collo. Hendrickson1 for Collo. Billop
Liut. Collo. Reynolds Lt Collo. Simco
Capt. Fitzrandolph Capt. Pitcairne
Liut. Jackson Liut. Campbell
John Leshier ——

As our Chief object was to procure the Release of Capt. Fitzrandolph who is an excellent Partizan, and of Leshier who had then been above four months in Irons; and firmly believing that Pitcairne was a Prisoner to this State, & thus at our disposal, and that from the high Estimation in which Simco was held by the Enemy it was a most favourable opportunity to procure the Liberation of Fitzrandolph & Leshier (for the latter of whom we were to send in any Private) we readily agreed to the proposal. But in the Interval of time between our acceeding to the Proposition & the Execution of the Terms I was alarmed to hear that Pitcairn was a Prisoner to the United States & consequently not exchangeable by New Jersey. To alleviate however my Anxiety on that occasion I was at the same time informed that Collo. Beaty had given Assurances to the Commissary of Prisoners for this State that there was a probability of obtaining your Excellency’s consent for sending him in for Fitzrandolph; & to the best of my Recollection, our Commissary was not to part with the rest of those who were to be released by us without being sufficiently ascertained of that fact.2 Those prisoners have however been exchanged, & all those who were to be released by the Enemy have been accordingly discharged by them except Fitzrandolph, whom, to my great mortification, I am now told they are determined not to set at Liberty for any other Prisoner than Pitcairn. If therefore your Excellency can with Propriety consent to exchange Pitcairn for Randolph, it will be the means3 of procuring the Liberty of a very brave, a very honest, & a very useful man, & who, from the caprice or Malignity of the Enemy, is so circumstanced as to have no Prospect of being redeemed from Captivity upon any other Terms. If on the contrary it cannot be done consistent with established Practice, I doubt not Mr Fitzrandolph will, with his usual Fortitude, resign himself to his Fate; & your Excellency excuse my Importunity which solely originates from my Attachment to experienced Merit and my Feelings for a Man, who on Account of that Merit, has suffered a long Imprisonment embittered with all that Rigour & Severity for which our Enemies have so justly rendered themselves infamous4—I have the honour to be with great Esteem Dear Sir your Excellencys most humble & most obedient Servant

Wil: Livingston

ALS, DLC:GW; ADf, NN: William Livingston Papers, Letterbook.

1Daniel Hendrickson (c.1737–1797), a farmer and horse breeder from Shrewsbury and Upper Freehold, N.J., was a colonel in the Monmouth County militia. He was taken prisoner in June 1779.

2For GW’s refusal of commissary general of prisoners John Beatty’s request to give Capt. Thomas Pitcairn to the state of New Jersey for exchange, see GW to Beatty, 23 Dec. 1779.

3On the draft, Livingston lined out the following text after this word: “& from the most authentic Intelligence the only means.”

4GW replied on 16 March, refusing to carry out a special exchange for Capt. Nathaniel FitzRandolph (NN: William Livingston Papers). But after further discussion with Livingston and a second request from the governor, GW agreed to a special exchange (see Livingston to GW, 25 April, and GW to Abraham Skinner, 27 April, both DLC:GW; and GW to Livingston, 27 April, NN: William Livingston Papers).

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