John Jay Papers
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From John Jay to Edward Rutledge, 6 July 1776

To Edward Rutledge

[New York, July 6th, 1776]

Dear Rutledge:

Your friendly letter1 found me so engaged by plots, conspiracies, and chimeras dire, that, though I thanked you for it in my head I had no time to tell you so either in person or by letter.2 Your ideas of men and things (to speak mathematically) run, for the most part, parallel with my own; and I wish Governor Tryon and the devil had not prevented my joining you on the occasion you mentioned. How long I may be detained here is uncertain, but I see little prospect of returning to you for a month or two yet to come. We have a government, you know, to form; and God only knows what it will resemble. Our politicians, like some guests at a feast, are perplexed and undetermined which dish to prefer.3 Our affairs in Canada have lately become the subject of animadversion; and the miscarriages in that country are, with little reserve, imputed to the inattention of the Congress. Indeed, there is reason to believe that certain military gentlemen who reaped no laurels there are among the patrons of that doctrine. It is to me amazing that a strict inquiry has not been made into the behaviour of those under whose direction we have met with nothing but repeated losses in that country. Nor is the public silent with respect to the inactivity of the fleet; and reports have gone abroad, that the admiral has refused to comply with the orders of Congress relative to the cannon taken at Providence. I’ll tell you a pretty story of Gen. Wooster. While he was smoking his pipe in the suburbs of Quebec, he took it into his head that he might do wonders with a fire-ship; and, with an imagination warmed by the blaze of the enemy’s vessels, sent for a New-York captain, who, it seems, understood the business of fire-ship building. Under the strongest injunctions of secrecy, he communicated to him the important plan, and ordered him to get the ship in readiness with all the dispatch and privacy in his power; wisely observing, that if the enemy should get any intelligence of his design, they would carry their vessels out of the way of his fire-ship. The captain accordingly set about preparing the materials, etc., necessary for the exploit which was to heroize his general. Some short time after, Wooster was informed that the time for which the York troops were enlisted would expire in a day or two; he issued orders for them to parade at a certain time and place, and informed them that he would then and there make a speech to them—and a Ciceronian speech it was.

“My lads,” says he, “I find your time is almost out, and maybe some of you may think on going; but surely you won’t leave me know; you must try and stay a little longer. Don’t think that I am laying here doing nothing. No, no; you shall see a fine sight soon. I am busy building a fire-ship; and as soon as she is ready, we’ll burn all their vessels up.” Cetera desunt.4

The York troops, allured by the promise of a feu de joie,5 stayed and were disappointed. Some renegade Frenchman remembered the speech, and told it as a secret to Governor Carleton. The vessels were put out of harm’s way, and the Connecticut Alexander lost his passage in a fire-ship to the temple of fame.

My compliments to Messrs. Braxton, Lynch, and such others as I esteem,—of which number rank yourself, my dear Ned, among the first. Believe me to be sincerely yours,

John Jay

Printed: HPJ description begins Henry P. Johnston, ed., The Correspondence and Public Papers of John Jay (4 vols.; New York, 1893) description ends , 1: 68–70; WJ description begins William Jay, ed., The Life of John Jay: With Selections from His Correspondence and Miscellaneous Papers (2 vols.; New York, 1833) description ends , 1: 62–64. ALS, not found, listed in sales record (EJ: 13321) of catalog no. 92 of Kenneth W. Rendell of Massachusetts.

2Regarding plots and conspiracies, see “Rounding Up Subversives, Detecting Conspiracies, and Determining Loyalty” (editorial note) on pp. 251–58. JJ was in fact too deeply involved in the activities of the New York Provincial Congress to consider leaving New York, having been appointed to no fewer than 14 of its committees during the six-week period between 15 May and 29 June 1776. JPC description begins Journals of the Provincial Congress, Provincial Convention, Committee of Safety and Council of Safety of the State of New-York (2 vols.; Albany, N.Y., 1842) description ends , 1: 460–98.

3See “John Jay and the New York State Constitution of 1777” (editorial note) on pp. 399–406.

4Latin for “The rest is missing.”

5French for “fire of joy.” A feu de joie can be either a gun salute or a bonfire.

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