Thomas Jefferson Papers

Philip Mazzei to Thomas Jefferson, 27 September 1812

From Philip Mazzei

Pisa, 27 7bre, 1812.

Stimatsmo Sigre, e Amico Carmo,

È molto tempo che ricevei la gratissima sua dei 9 Luglio, 1811; ma le disgraziate circostanze dei tempi non mi ànno finora offerta veruna occasione, onde potere sperare che la mia risposta Le pervenisse. Un’Amico mio, che parte tra pochi giorni per Parigi, mi promette di consegnarla in proprie mani al nostro Ministro, e Mr Appleton mi fa sperare, ch’ei potrà farlene pervenire sicuramente.1 [Mi dispiace di sentire, che Ella non sia contento delle sue forze fisiche; ma poichè à coraggio di cavalcare, son persuaso, che potrebbe fare colle proprie gambe un miglio almeno avanti pranzo, e uno avanti sera, nel passeggio piano da Lei fatto nella circonferenza di Monticello, il che Le gioverebbe più di 6, e d’8, fatte à cavallo. Io terminerò gli 82. anni il 25 del prossimo Dicembre; non avrei coraggio di montar sur un cavallo; ma fo a piedi 4, o 5 miglia il giorno, e quando non posso andar fuori, a motivo del cattivo tempo, le fo in casa sur un terrazzo lungo circa 50 passi, o in un’andito dell’istessa lunghezza.]2 Ella mi aveva già notificata la morte di Mr Wythe e John Page, ma ignoravo quella dei Coniugi Eppes, e Wacker, e di mr Hilton, che mi è stata molto3 sensibile, non già per loro, ma per i buoni Amici loro, poichè io riguardo la perdita degli Amici come una delle più grandi e dolorose disgrazie. Io riguardo la morte colla massima indifferenza, e la desidererei ancora in questa età decrepita, se lasciassi la Vedova e l’Orfalina in Patria Libera; ma l’attual situazione di cose in questa parte di mondo mi spaventa per loro. [La notizia dei mali che ci affliggono Le sarà pervenuta, ed io son nel numero di quelli che ne soffrono il più].4 Livorno, dove ò quasi tutti i miei capitali tanto mobili che immobili, si spopola ogni giorno più, e se non succede qualche inaspettato e pronto rimedio, sarà presto un luogo da Pescatori. Uno stabile che mi produceva 180 pezze, non trovo chi lo voglia per 80; quanto al denar contante, non si riscuotono gl’interessi, e ogni giorno succedono dei fallimenti. Quantunque il mio stabile in Richmond sia di poco valore, La prego di venderlo il più presto che può, e di rimettermene la valuta. L’istessa preghiera Le fo per conto delle povere sorelle del Bellini.

Quanto alla mia piccola famiglia, la moglie, (dopo le dolorose conseguenze del parto, che la fecero soffrire lunghissimamente) sta ora competentemente5 bene, e la figlia benissimo. Terminò i 14 anni il 22 di Luglio; è grande per la sua età; il personale piace a tutti; impara facilmente le lingue; ricama passabilmente bene; il maestro di musica è contento del progresso che fa nello studio del piano forte, come pure il Maestro di disegno, nel che à una disposizione molto felice, poichè fa i ritratti e le copie rassomiglianti perfettamente, e con sorprendente prestezza.

Al mio ritorno in Virginia, mentre Ella era a Boston per venire in Europa, feci la proposizione d’una Società Costituzionale per l’utilita che ne speravo come6 Ella vedrà nell’inclusa copia d’una lettera, che scrissi da Mansfield a Mr Blair. Volevano farmi Pres., ma io me ne scusai, e proposi Mr Blair7 Bramerei di sapere se ne resultò qualche buono effetto, o se andò in fumo. Le includo ancora la copia d’un’altro scritto8 ch’io feci riguardante la navigazione dei bastimenti marittimi9 nei fiumi di Virginia, del che bramerei pure di saper l’evento.10 Quello, a cui lo lasciai che fu Edmund Randolph, o il Dr Innes,11 promesse di farne far la traduzione, d’esaminarla, correggerla in caso di bisogno, e pubblicarla sulla gazzetta. Gradirei di sapere, se questo pure produsse qualche effetto. Intanto Le dirò, che l’Avv. G. C., uomo di ½ età, sommo nella Legge, eruditissimo, e perfetto Filosofo, (avendo letto quel mio scritto) mi scrisse un biglietto (del quale troverà inclusa la copia) e dopo tanto mi pregò, (e12 mi fece pregar seriamente da persone alle13 quali non mi conveniva di contradire) che finalmente m’indusse a scriver14 la mia vita, l’istoria della quale termina colla narrazione del mio viaggio a Roma nel 1805,15 e della spedizione dei 2 Scultori che mandai a Mr Latrobe, poichè dico: “Dopo d’aver procurata la felicità di quelle 2 ottime famiglie (che sarà maggiore per i loro Posteri),16 e d’essere stato di tanto in tanto a rivedere i miei Amici a F., Prato, Pistoia, Lucca, e Livorno, mi pare di non aver fatto altro che l’Ortolano,, ma se credete che ci manchi qualche cosa, aggiungetela voi. Io però credo, che vi troverete molto da Levare.17 ma quel che più mi preme e di ricevere le sue buone nuove, augurandole tutte le felicità possibili, confermandomi

Suo Devmo Servo, e Amico

FM

Editors’ Translation

Pisa, 27 September, 1812.

Most Esteemed Sir, and Dearest Friend,

It is a long time since I received your much appreciated letter of 9 July 1811, but until now the current unfortunate state of affairs has offered me no occasion when I could expect my response to reach you. A friend of mine, who leaves in a few days for Paris, promises me that he will deliver this letter by hand to our minister, and Mr. Appleton gives me hope that he will be able to have it safely delivered to you. (I am sorry to hear that you are unhappy about your strength, but as you have the courage to go riding, I am convinced that you could walk on your own feet at least a mile before lunch and another one before evening on the flat walkways you have made around Monticello. This would benefit you more than 6 or 8 miles on horseback. I will complete my 82d year this next 25 December. I am afraid to mount a horse, but I cover 4 or 5 miles a day on foot. When I cannot go outside because of bad weather, I walk at home on a terrace about 50 steps long or a corridor of the same length.) You had already informed me of the deaths of Mr. Wythe and John Page, but I was unaware of the passing of Mr. and Mrs. Eppes, Mr. and Mrs. Walker, and Mr. Hylton. Their demise greatly moved me, not for them, but for their good friends, as I regard the loss of friends as one of the greatest and most painful of misfortunes. I regard death with complete indifference and would still wish for it at my decrepit age, if I could leave my widow and little orphan in a free homeland, but the current situation in this part of the world frightens me for them. (The news of the evils that afflict us must have reached you, and I am among those who suffer the most). Leghorn, where I have almost all my capital, both movable and immovable, is losing population more and more each day, and unless there is some swift and unexpected remedy, it will soon be a mere fishing village. I can find no one who will pay 80 pezze on a property that formerly yielded 180. As for cash, interest is not collected and bankruptcies happen every day. Although my property in Richmond is not worth much, I ask that you sell it as soon as you can and remit me the funds. I request that you do the same for Bellini’s poor sisters.

Regarding my little family, my wife (after long suffering from the painful aftereffects of childbirth), is now in tolerable health, and my daughter is very well. She turned 14 on 22 July; is tall for her age; has a figure that pleases everyone; learns languages easily; embroiders passably well; her music teacher is happy with her progress on the pianoforte, and her drawing teacher is also very pleased, as she has the good fortune to be talented and executes perfectly and with surprising speed both portraits and copies of originals.

On my return to Virginia, while you were in Boston preparing to go to Europe, I proposed the establishment of a constitutional society. You will see my hopes for its usefulness in the enclosed copy of a letter I wrote from Mansfield to Mr. Blair. They wanted to make me president, but I excused myself and suggested Mr. Blair instead. I very much wish to learn whether anything worthwhile has come of the plan or if it went up in smoke. I am also including the copy of another piece of mine that dealt with the navigation of maritime vessels on Virginia’s rivers. The person with whom I left it, either Edmund Randolph or Dr. Innes, promised to have it translated, examine it, correct it if necessary, and publish it in the newspaper. I would really like to know whether it had any effect. In the meantime I will tell you that the lawyer Giovanni Carmignani, a middle-aged man, a preeminent legal authority, extremely learned, and a perfect philosopher, (having read my piece) wrote me a note (a copy of which you will find enclosed) and afterwards he pleaded with me so much (and had earnest requests coming from people whom it would not be fitting for me to contradict) that I was finally induced to write my memoirs, which end with the narration of my trip to Rome in 1805 and my dispatch of two sculptors to Mr. Latrobe, given that, as I say: “Beyond procuring the happiness of those two excellent families (which will be even greater for their descendants) and visiting my friends in Florence, Prato, Pistoia, Lucca, and Leghorn now and then, it seems to me that I have been doing nothing but gardening”; but if you think something is missing, add it yourself. I believe, however, that you will find much to ponder. But more important to me is to receive good news about you. Wishing you every possible happiness, I confirm that I am

Your most devoted servant and friend

FM

Dft (ItF); brackets in original. Dr. Lisa Ferrante Perrone discovered this text and kindly shared it and a draft transcription and translation with the Editors. Not recorded in SJL and probably never received by TJ. This document, located after the pertinent chronological volume was published, will appear in the concluding supplement to the print edition. Enclosures: (1) Mazzei to John Blair, Mansfield, 12 May 1785, reflecting on the benefits that the Constitutional Society can provide to the illiterate and less fortunate in the form of education and good advice; stating that the common people would come to appreciate and rely on the instruction they received from its respectable and well-educated membership; suggesting that the question of whether Virginia should limit itself to one or two ports for imports and exports is not fully understood and provides an example of a point on which the society’s tutelage would benefit the state; and proposing that the society admit foreigners as honorary members (Mazzei, Writings description begins Margherita Marchione and others, eds., Philip Mazzei: Selected Writings and Correspondence, 1983, 3 vols. description ends , 1:470–2). (2) Mazzei, “Observations on the Law proposed in Virginia to regulate the Navigation of Vessels trading to and from foreign Countries,” [ca. 1784–85], arguing that legally restricting the number of Virginia ports would promote the public welfare by combating monopolies and creating large emporiums where merchants could sell their goods at affordable prices while increasing their profits; pointing out that many European countries similarly regulate the places at which foreign vessels can load and unload their vessels; and concluding that, although only one port is necessary for the diffusion of goods on Virginia rivers, a second should be established to accommodate commerce on the Potomac River that might otherwise be lost (Tr in ViW: TC; undated contemporary copy; printed in Mazzei, Writings description begins Margherita Marchione and others, eds., Philip Mazzei: Selected Writings and Correspondence, 1983, 3 vols. description ends , 1:427–35). Other enclosure not found. Enclosed in David Bailie Warden to TJ, 21 Jan. 1813.

The pezza da otto reali, also called pezza delle rose (plural pezze), was a unit of currency used for commercial transactions in Leghorn. It was worth 5¾ Tuscan lire (Patrick Kelly, The Universal Cambist, and Commercial Instructor; being a general treatise on Exchange [London, 1811], 1:141–2, 224; Edoardo Martinori, La Moneta Vocabolario Generale [1915], 381).

1Mazzei here canceled “ma non ostante ne mando il duplicato” (“but nevertheless, I am sending a duplicate”).

2Omitted closing bracket editorially supplied.

3Word interlined.

4Omitted closing bracket editorially supplied.

5Manuscript: “conpetentemente.”

6Preceding five words interlined in place of “l’effetto che” (“the effect that”).

7Sentence keyed with a “.1.” and inserted here at the corresponding key “.2.”

8Word interlined in place of “progetto” (“project”).

9Preceding three words added near foot of page and keyed with a “#” to this point.

10Mazzei here canceled (one omitted closing parenthesis editorially supplied): “e intanto Le dirò, che il detto scritto produsse un biglietto dell’Avvocato Carmignani, che (del quale pure le includo la copia, perchè m’indusse a scriver la mia vita). Il do scritto fu certamente tradotto sulla navigazione dei nostri fiumi fù certamente tradotto (per quanto mi pare) da Edmund Randolph” (“and in the meantime I will tell you that the aforementioned document produced a note from Attorney Carmignani [of which I will also include a copy, because it induced me to write my memoirs]. The aforementioned document on the navigation of our rivers was certainly translated [so far as I can tell] by Edmund Randolph”).

11Preceding eight words interlined.

12Misplaced opening parenthesis editorially shifted to this point from before “tanto.”

13Superfluous opening parenthesis preceding this word editorially omitted.

14Preceding four words interlined in place of “o scritto” (“I have written”).

15Preceding two words interlined.

16Omitted closing parenthesis editorially supplied.

17Text from “Quello, a cui” to this point keyed with a “+” to be entered here, with last four words added at head of page. Following it is “Gradirei di sapere, se comparve sulle gazzette, come pure se produsse qualche effetto,” moved earlier in the text and inadvertently left uncanceled here.

Index Entries

  • Appleton, Thomas; and TJ’s European correspondence search
  • Barlow, Joel; forwards letters to TJ search
  • Bellini, Aurora (Maria Aurora Gaspera); and C. Bellini estate search
  • Bellini, Charles (Carlo Maria Marchionne); estate of search
  • Bellini, Luisa (Louisa; Maria Luisa Eleonora); and C. Bellini estate search
  • Blair, John; and Va. constitutional society search
  • Capitol, U.S.; sculptors at search
  • Capponi, Gino; editsMemorie della Vita e delle Peregrinazioni del fiorentino Filippo Mazzei (P. Mazzei) search
  • Carmignani, Giovanni; and P. Mazzei’s memoirs search
  • drawing; study of search
  • Eppes, Elizabeth Wayles (TJ’s sister-in-law; John Wayles Eppes’s mother); death of search
  • Eppes, Francis (TJ’s brother-in-law); death of search
  • exercise, physical; and health search
  • health; and exercise search
  • horses; riding of search
  • Hylton, Daniel L.; death of search
  • Innes, James search
  • Italian language; letters in, from; P. Mazzei search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Business & Financial Affairs; and C. Bellini estate search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Business & Financial Affairs; and P. Mazzei’s property search
  • language; study of search
  • Latrobe, Benjamin Henry; works on U.S. Capitol search
  • Mazzei, Antonia Antoni (Philip Mazzei’s second wife); health of search
  • Mazzei, Philip; and C. Bellini’s sisters search
  • Mazzei, Philip; and sculptors for U.S. Capitol search
  • Mazzei, Philip; and TJ’s health search
  • Mazzei, Philip; and Va. constitutional society search
  • Mazzei, Philip; family of search
  • Mazzei, Philip; financial situation of search
  • Mazzei, Philip; health of search
  • Mazzei, Philip; letters from search
  • Mazzei, Philip; Memorie della Vita e delle Peregrinazioni del fiorentino Filippo Mazzei (ed. G. Capponi) search
  • Mazzei, Philip; on death of friends search
  • Mazzei, Philip; on navigation of Va. rivers search
  • Mazzei, Philip; Richmond property of search
  • Memorie della Vita e delle Peregrinazioni del fiorentino Filippo Mazzei (P. Mazzei; ed. G. Capponi) search
  • music; piano search
  • music; study of search
  • Page, John (1743–1808); death of search
  • Pini, Elisabetta Mazzei (Philip Mazzei’s daughter; Andrea Pini’s wife); described by father search
  • Potomac River; proposed port on search
  • Randolph, Edmund; and P. Mazzei’s writings search
  • Richmond, Va.; P. Mazzei’s property in search
  • Virginia; ports in search
  • Virginia; statutes on river navigation search
  • Walker, Elizabeth Moore (John Walker’s wife); death of search
  • Walker, John (1744–1809); death of search
  • Wythe, George; death of search