91John P. Van Ness to Thomas Jefferson, 5 July 1822 (Jefferson Papers)
. He settled permanently in the nation’s capital, rose to the rank of major general of militia during the War of 1812, was one of
92Jared Mansfield to Thomas Jefferson, 26 January 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
in 1812, and after being diverted to supervise the construction of fortifications during the War of 1812, he taught there from 1814 until resigning in 1828. Mansfield moved thereafter to
93Roberts to James Madison, 1 September 1822, with Postscript to Thomas Jefferson (Jefferson Papers)
for both the War of 1812 and “the deplorable condition of our common Country” since that time; accused
94Francis W. Gilmer to Thomas Jefferson, 26 November 1818 (Jefferson Papers)
. He was a militia surgeon during the War of 1812 and a
95Timothy Pickering to Thomas Jefferson, 12 February 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
, 1813–17, where he opposed the Embargo Act of 1807 and the War of 1812. Pickering retired to his farm in
96From James Madison to George Joy, 15 August 1817 (Madison Papers)
For Joy’s letters to JM and his other political writings during the War of 1812, see
97Thomas Jefferson to Andrew Kean, 11 November 1818 (Jefferson Papers)
and practiced medicine in the surrounding counties. During the War of 1812 Kean served as a surgeon in
98From James Madison to John A. King, 17 October 1827 (Madison Papers)
). John Alsop King (1788–1867), son of Rufus King, was a veteran of the War of 1812 and a New York lawyer. He served as secretary of legation and charge d’affaires in London, 1825–26, and as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, 1849–51. King served multiple terms in...
99Thomas Jefferson to Abraham Lange, 25 December 1818 (Jefferson Papers)
militia during the War of 1812. His farm and mill in that county were situated on the road between
100From James Madison to Henry Lee, [16] February 1827 (Madison Papers)
...Inst: to the object of which I have not been able to give an earlier attention. With your purpose of giving a historical character to the events of a very critical period of the war of 1812, you are very properly anxious to obtain whatever information may contribute to the authenticity and accuracy of the work; and I cannot but wish for your researches every success which may have that...
101Burwell S. Randolph to Dolley Madison, 24 September 1823 (Madison Papers)
During the War of 1812 he was the ranking naval officer and made several cruises; he later was involved in turning back the British assault on Baltimore in 1814. In 1815
102To James Madison from Samuel T. Anderson, 22 May 1823 (Madison Papers)
...a Scottish-born marine architect and shipbuilder, settled in New York City in 1796, where he opened a shipbuilding business. He supervised the construction of armed vessels on Lake Ontario during the War of 1812. Eckford was naval constructor at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, 1817–20, but returned to private business, building frigates for the new navies of the South American republics. He was...
103To James Madison from James Monroe, 12 May 1822 (Madison Papers)
Daniel Bissell (1769–1833) served as a fifer in the American Revolution and joined the First U.S. Infantry in 1788. He rose to the rank of brigadier general in the U.S. Army during the War of 1812 and was retained in the army on the peace establishment in 1816 as
Encyclopedia of the War of 1812
104To James Madison from Robert Pollard & Son, 17 November 1823 (Madison Papers)
Dr. Charles Beale (1795–1853) was a veteran of the War of 1812 who served in the Virginia militia and founded the town of Gordonsville. He married Mary Harrison Gordon, daughter of Nathaniel Gordon, and purchased an estate he called Weston that fell on both sides of the Richmond–Swift Run...Index to War of 1812 Pension Files
105To James Madison from James Monroe, 19 May 1821 (Madison Papers)
...1831) of Dinwiddie County, Virginia, served in the Virginia House of Delegates, 1797–1801 and 1813–15, and in the state Senate, 1804–8. He was a major general in the state militia during the War of 1812 and served briefly in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1818–19. He was appointed U.S. marshal for the eastern district of Virginia in April 1821. He died in a riverboat accident on the...
106To James Madison from James Burn, 23 February 1824 (Madison Papers)
Peter Little (1775–1830), of Freedom, Maryland, was a veteran of the War of 1812 and served in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1811–13, and 1816–29.Isaac McKim (1775–1838) was a Baltimore merchant and veteran of the War of 1812. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1823–25, and from 1833 until his death.
107To James Madison from Alexander Macomb, 18 June 1827 (Madison Papers)
Alexander Macomb (1782–1841) was a career army officer who was promoted to brevet major general for his defense of Plattsburgh, New York, during the War of 1812. He was appointed chief engineer of the army after the war and in 1828 became commanding general, a position he held until his death (Heidler and Heidler, Encyclopedia of the War of 1812
108To James Madison from George Thompson, 3 June 1825 (Madison Papers)
, ibid., 13:235–37). His son, George C. Thompson (1778–1856), who served in the Kentucky militia during the War of 1812, was a member of the Kentucky legislature for many years, serving as speaker of the house, 1820–22 (Baltimore Index to War of 1812 Pension Files
109To James Madison from Charles Valérie de Perron, 22 June 1817 (Madison Papers)
Winfield Scott (1786–1866) entered the U.S. Army in 1808 as a captain and fought with such distinction in the War of 1812 that he was promoted to major general. In 1815 he went to Europe to study military methods, returning to New York City in 1816. His subsequent career included command of the U.S. Army, the successful conduct......with France, the war with Tripoli, and the War of 1812. In the...
110To James Madison from Byrd C. Willis, 15 September 1826 (Madison Papers)
Alexander Macomb (1782–1841), a career officer in the U.S. Army and victor at the 1814 Battle of Plattsburgh, was head of the Office of Engineers after the War of 1812. In 1828, Macomb became commanding general of the army, a position he held until his death (Heidler and Heidler, Encyclopedia of the War of 1812
111To James Madison from William Taylor, 10 August 1826 (Madison Papers)
Richard H. Douglass (d. 1829) was a prominent Baltimore shipping merchant and had been an investor in and prize agent for American privateers during the War of 1812 (Brantz Mayer, The Republic’s Private Navy: The American Privateering Business as Practiced by Baltimore during the War of 1812
112To James Madison from Dennis A. Smith, 21 February 1825 (Madison Papers)
’s administration and subscribed large loans for the Treasury Department during the War of 1812 (...merchant, banker, and shipowner who subscribed to loans amounting to two million dollars for the U.S. government during the War of 1812, and he was a director of the Second Bank of the United States. He built an impressive estate called Calverton on the outskirts of Baltimore but lost...
113To James Madison from John S. Barbour, 18 April 1818 (Madison Papers)
...for eight terms between 1813 and 1834, and in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1823–33. He was a cousin of James and Philip Pendleton Barbour and served as an aide to Gen. William Madison in the War of 1812. Barbour’s eulogy of JM, delivered at Culpeper Court House on 18 July 1836, was published in the
114To James Madison from Spencer Roane, 22 August 1819 (Madison Papers)
, 1804–45, and a political force for the Jeffersonian Republicans and later the Democratic Party in Virginia. He supported JM and served briefly in the War of 1812. Ritchie edited the Washington, D.C.,
115To James Madison from William Bainbridge, 27 March 1817 (Madison Papers)
William Bainbridge (1774–1833) was a U.S. naval officer who saw service in the Quasi-War, the war against the Barbary states, and the War of 1812.
116To James Madison from Joseph Wheaton, 1 July 1820 (Madison Papers)
For Wheaton’s detailed reports of his experiences during the War of 1812, see his letters to JM of 10, 23, 29, and 31 Dec. 1812, 3 and 8 Jan., 10, 12, and 26 Feb., 26 Apr., and 1 May 1813 (
117To James Madison from James Monroe, 5 February 1820 (Madison Papers)
...United States in 1803. He stood as the Federalist vice presidential candidate in 1804 and 1808, and as the Federalist presidential candidate in 1816. As U.S. senator, 1813–24, he opposed JM’s administration and the War of 1812; later, he opposed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and was outspoken in his attacks on the extension of slavery (
118To James Madison from James Monroe, 21 December 1818 (Madison Papers)
William King (1768–1852), half-brother of Rufus King, was a merchant, shipbuilder, and Massachusetts state politician from Bath (District of Maine). He served in the War of 1812 as a militia major general, and after July 1813 as a colonel in the U.S. Army. King was an active supporter of Maine’s secession from Massachusetts and served as the new state’s first governor, 1820...
119To James Madison from James Barbour, 10 February 1820 (Madison Papers)
...the U.S. House of Representatives, 1797–1801, the Massachusetts legislature, 1802–17, and the U.S. Senate, 1817–22. An active Federalist, he was a leader in the opposition to JM’s administration and the War of 1812, as well as spokesman for the Hartford Convention of 1814. In the debates over the Missouri question, he took a leading part against the extension of slavery into the territories.
120To James Madison from James Monroe, 5 October 1818 (Madison Papers)
...speaker. He was elected governor of Pennsylvania in 1808 and served two subsequent terms, leaving office in 1817, when he was elected to the state senate. A Jeffersonian Republican, he was a strong supporter of JM and the War of 1812.