91Thomas Jefferson to James Hamilton (1786–1857), 9 September 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
. Following the outbreak of the War of 1812, he served in the ; suggests that the War of 1812 was necessary to improve the relationship between the
92Samuel Taylor to Thomas Jefferson, [ca. 4 September 1821] (Jefferson Papers)
served as a surgeon in the War of 1812. He was made a director of the
93Daniel Sheffey to Thomas Jefferson, 30 August 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
opposed the War of 1812 and supported rechartering the
94Enclosure: Isaac Chauncey to Benjamin W. Crowninshield, 20 July 1818, enclosure no. 2 in James Leander Cathcart to … (Jefferson Papers)
at the start of the War of 1812. His successful building campaign increased the American fleet on the
95Thomas J. Gantt to Thomas Jefferson, 24 August 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
; arguing that during the War of 1812 Americans had “emulated the devotedness, and eclipsed the valor that had made us free and independent” (p. 29); praising the officers of that conflict; and ending with the hope that the nation’s institutions and political... ...events of 4 July 1776; listing and hailing officers from the American Revolution and War of 1812; and concluding with the belief...
96Thomas Whittemore to Thomas Jefferson, [ca. 14 August 1821] (Jefferson Papers)
..., which on this day, exalted and proclaimed the character of our country” (p. 5); stressing the importance of national unity during the American Revolution and for the preservation of American prosperity and strength; arguing that the War of 1812 “was a necessary consequence growing out of the conduct of
97To James Madison from Edmond Kelly, [ca. 17] July 1821 (Madison Papers)
John Cleves Symmes Jr. (1780–1829), a former U.S. Army captain and veteran of the War of 1812, proposed in 1818 the idea that the earth was “hollow, and habitable within,” and promoted his theory vigorously until his death (Duane A. Griffin, “Hollow and Habitable
98Charles Pinckney to Thomas Jefferson, 6 July 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
. Hamilton was a lieutenant when his regiment was ordered to engage the American forces during the War of 1812. When he refused, he was held as a prisoner of war until the end of hostilities. In 1818 Hamilton received a commission in
99To James Madison from Mathew Carey, 26 June 1821 (Madison Papers)
U.S. Army in the War of 1812
100To James Madison from Joseph Gales Jr., 22 June 1821 (Madison Papers)
The U.S. Army in the War of 1812: An Operational and Command Study
101From James Madison to Joseph Gales Jr., 12 June 1821 (Madison Papers)
in wch. he expresses a particular desire to possess in the Newspaper form a series of papers published by him during the war of 1812, under the title of Conciliator. He remarks that they were republished in the Intelligencer, and that you sent him the 3 first numbers, with your exordium. From what he says I infer that he will be very...
102Thomas Jefferson to Lewis Cass, 31 May 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
during the War of 1812, seeing active duty on the northern frontier and attaining the rank of brigadier general. In 1813 President
103To James Madison from James Monroe, 19 May 1821 (Madison Papers)
...1831) of Dinwiddie County, Virginia, served in the Virginia House of Delegates, 1797–1801 and 1813–15, and in the state Senate, 1804–8. He was a major general in the state militia during the War of 1812 and served briefly in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1818–19. He was appointed U.S. marshal for the eastern district of Virginia in April 1821. He died in a riverboat accident on the...
104Benjamin de Chastellier to Thomas Jefferson, 2 May 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
and the War of 1812 (
105John F. Cocke to Thomas Jefferson, 1 May 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
. He served as a captain of militia cavalry during the War of 1812 and supported A Guide to Virginia Militia Units in the War of 1812
106Thomas May (for John Ayers & Company) to Thomas Jefferson, 9 April 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
. During the War of 1812 Thayer served as a paymaster and quartermaster in the Massachusetts volunteer militia. He had his own grocery business in
107Thomas Jefferson’s Conveyance of Limestone Tract to Abraham Hawley, 28 February 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
by 1810 and served as a private in the Virginia militia during the War of 1812. He sold lime to TJ between 1818 and 1822, and in 1820 he was paid for work done at the Virginia Militia in the War of 1812: From Rolls in the Auditor’s Office at Richmond
108Timothy Pickering to Thomas Jefferson, 12 February 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
, 1813–17, where he opposed the Embargo Act of 1807 and the War of 1812. Pickering retired to his farm in
109William Barret to Thomas Jefferson, 6 February 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
and served with that unit during the War of 1812. In 1816 Barret partnered with
110Jared Mansfield to Thomas Jefferson, 26 January 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
in 1812, and after being diverted to supervise the construction of fortifications during the War of 1812, he taught there from 1814 until resigning in 1828. Mansfield moved thereafter to
111To James Madison from William Thornton, 20 January 1821 (Madison Papers)
..., in the U.S. Senate, 1819–1829, and as vice president of the United States, 1836–40. He supported the Madison administration, and raised two regiments of mounted volunteers, commanding troops in several engagements during the War of 1812, including the Battle of the Thames, where he is said to have killed Tecumseh (
112Horace H. Hayden to Thomas Jefferson, 6 January 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
licensed him as a dentist. During the War of 1812 Hayden served as a sergeant and assistant surgeon in
113Thomas Jefferson to Tarlton Saunders, 3 January 1821 (Jefferson Papers)
companies of the Virginia militia during the War of 1812, and he bought flour from TJ through Virginia Militia in the War of 1812: From Rolls in the Auditor’s Office at Richmond
114To James Madison from John Tayloe, 1 December 1820 (Madison Papers)
on the route between Washington and Aquia Creek near Fredricksburg. The $40,000 ship was built in New York under the direction of Robert Fulton in 1813 but owing to the War of 1812 did not make its maiden voyage until 1815. Competition with the Alexandria and Norfolk Steam Boat Company drove the Potomac company out of business in 1822 (Donald G. Shomette,
115To James Madison from Francis Corbin, 13 November 1820 (Madison Papers)
John Minor (1761–1816) was a lawyer and veteran of the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812, who made his home at Hazel Hill in Fredericksburg (Tyler,
116To James Madison from Edmond Kelly, 26 September 1820 (Madison Papers)
David Trimble (1782–1842), born in Virginia and educated at the College of William and Mary, was a War of 1812 veteran and a Kentucky Republican who served in the U.S. House of Representatives, 1817–27 (
117Tobias Watkins to Thomas Jefferson, 16 September 1820 (Jefferson Papers)
served as an army surgeon during the War of 1812 and as an assistant surgeon general, 1818–21. He was also a prominent Freemason. By 1822
118To James Madison from Charles Pinckney, 2 September 1820 (Madison Papers)
...17, 1819–25, and 1827–29, and in the U.S. Senate, 1825–27. A powerful voice for the Republican party during the first Jefferson administration, Randolph openly opposed JM for president in 1808 and opposed the War of 1812. He briefly served as U.S. minister to Russia in 1830 (Bruce,
119Peter F. Fritez to Thomas Jefferson, 1 September 1820 (Jefferson Papers)
was also a sergeant in the militia during the War of 1812, a longtime member of the
120To James Madison from Andrew Ramsay, 30 August 1820 (Madison Papers)
The Rev. William Hawley (d. 1845) was a veteran of the War of 1812 who served as the second rector of St. John’s Church in Washington from 1817 until his death (Van Horne,