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About this time, considering the connection between the United States and France, it was very obvious that prudence required I should communicate my design to the French Ambassador. I was not, however, without apprehensions of the consequence of it, for I could not doubt that the Count De Vergennes...

46From John Adams to Boston Patriot, 10 May 1809 (Adams Papers)

...Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary of the United States to the French Republic, with full powers to discuss and settle by a Treaty, all controversies between the United States and France.”—But, “that the two former will not embark for Europe until they shall have received from the Executive Directory direct and unequivocal assurances, signified by their Secretary of...

47From John Adams to Boston Patriot, 9 May 1809 (Adams Papers)

...America. They could not, or would not, distinguish between jacobinism and neutrality. Every thing with them was jacobinism, except a war with France and an alliance with Great Britain. They all panted for a war between the United States and France as sincerely, though not so ardently, as Alexander Hamilton.

48From John Adams to Boston Patriot, 2 May 1809 (Adams Papers)

...Minister Resident at the Hague, to be Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary to the French Republic, with full powers to discuss and settle by a treaty all controversies between the United States and France. It is not intended that the two former of these gentlemen shall embark for Europe, until they shall have received from the Executive Directory assurances signified by their...

49Louis Philippe Gallot de Lormerie to Thomas Jefferson, 14 April 1809 (Jefferson Papers)

...Their correspondence lasted well into TJ’s retirement, with Lormerie writing on a wide variety of aesthetic, scientific, and political subjects. Lormerie occasionally sent TJ pamphlets and frequently sought assistance with travel and transportation of items between the United States and France (

50To James Madison from Elbridge Gerry, 19 February 1806 (Madison Papers)

Gerry referred to the Quasi-War between the United States and France (

51To James Madison from Bradley & Mulford, 20 January 1806 (Abstract) (Madison Papers)

, 5:118–19; “Statement Showing the Payments of Awards of the Commissioners Appointed under the Conventions between the United States and France …,”

52To James Madison from Robert Power, 19 December 1805 (Abstract) (Madison Papers)

...me with the brig, it would not have been much worse.” He also said that Francis Sargent had died in the marine hospital at Rochefort on 9 Feb. 1806. Under the terms of the 1831 treaty between the United States and France, $17,049 was awarded in compensation for the

53To James Madison from Samuel Vernon Jr., 7 December 1805 (Abstract) (Madison Papers)

had most of the cargo thrown overboard and the ship refloated. Under the 1831 treaty between the United States and France, $2,965.50 in damages was awarded (ibid., 59–60).

54To James Madison from Philip Nicklin and Robert Eaglesfield Griffith, 25 July 1805 (Madison Papers)

That matters remained in this situation until the convention and Treaty were successively made between the United States and France, in the Years ,Left blank in Tr. The writers referred to article 4 of the Convention of 1800 between the United States and France, and to the Louisiana Purchase Claims Convention of 1803 (see

55To James Madison from Thomas Corbett and Others, 12 June 1805 (Madison Papers)

...said the French commissary at Charleston had informed him of the incident, and that he had already taken steps to obtain satisfaction for the violation of the convention between the United States and France. JM added that the president had weighed the memorialists’ observations about the protection necessary for the port and would “promote such measures as the nature of his functions,...

56To James Madison from James Monroe, 16 May 1805 (Madison Papers)

...enclosing their 8 Mar. reply to him (see n. 1 above), that if Spain would not accede to the U.S. position, it would be because of French support which would disrupt relations between the United States and France; (10) Monroe to Armstrong, 17 Mar. 1805 (5 pp.), enclosing an extract from Cevallos’s 14 Mar. 1805 letter to Pinckney and Monroe (see n. 1 above), repeating many of the...

57From James Madison to John Armstrong, 2 April 1805 (Madison Papers)

JM referred to the Quasi-War between the United States and France. Curaçao surrendered voluntarily to the British in September 1800 (Clowes,

58To James Madison from John Armstrong, 18 March 1805 (Madison Papers)

, 2:636), stating that he had again raised these questions with the French, had been rebuffed, and had dropped the issue lest it lead to estrangement between the United States and France, and because he did not wish to give Joseph Bonaparte, a supporter of the United States, a reason to withdraw that support. He said he appended a letter showing Joseph’s view of the matter and he rejected...

59To James Madison from Charles Pinckney and James Monroe, 1 March 1805 (Madison Papers)

...relations between it and the United States, enclosing their correspondence with Cevallos, and suggesting that if the French still refused to change their position he should have Purviance or Erving notify the British of the differences emerging between the United States and France. The other enclosures are copies of Cevallos to Monroe and Pinckney, 24 Feb. 1805 (16 pp.; cover marked “

60To James Madison from Stephen Kingston (Abstract), 11 February 1805 (Madison Papers)

was “positively excluded, by both the letter & spirit of the 4th. & 5th. Arts.” of the Convention of 1800 between the United States and France. For the articles, see

61From James Madison to Abraham Van Bibber, 26 December 1804 (Abstract) (Madison Papers)

Statement Showing the Payments of Awards of the Commissioners Appointed under the Conventions between the United States and France

62From James Madison to James Monroe, 26 October 1804 (Madison Papers)

...Citizens. One is, that the circumstances in which Spain was placed disabled her from controuling the wrongs done by French Citizens; the other, that the Convention between the United States and France having relinquished the claim of indemnities against the latter, Spain became thereby absolved also; inasmuch as the relinquishment to France would otherwise be so far frustrated, by her...

63Memorandum to Thomas Jefferson, 20 April 1804 (Abstract) (Madison Papers)

For “An Act further to suspend the commercial intercourse between the United States and France, and the dependencies thereof,” 17 Feb. 1800, see

64To Thomas Jefferson from Albert Gallatin, 5 April 1804 (Jefferson Papers)

...assurance, relative to his expences”; he hopes the government will reimburse Stevens. (15) Pickering to Stevens, Washington, 16 Dec. 1803; he reviews the strained relations between the United States and France in 1798 and 1799, which led to Stevens’s mission to restore commerce with Saint-Domingue; the uncommon mission “demanded sagacity, firmness, address, a knowledge of the French language...

65From James Madison to Robert R. Livingston, 31 March 1804 (Madison Papers)

..., without removing the sources of collision lurki⟨ng un⟩der a neighborhood marked by such circumstances, an⟨d which⟩ considering the relations between France and Spain ⟨cannot⟩ be interrupted without endangering the friendly r⟨elations⟩ between the United States and France. A transfer ⟨from Spain⟩ to the United States of the Territory claimed by the

66From James Madison to James Monroe, 5 January 1804 (Madison Papers)

This article is taken from the Convention of 1800 between the United States and France, who appears to have borrowed it from corresponding stipulations in the Convention between the United States and France in the year

67To Thomas Jefferson from Silvanus Ewer, 15 December 1803 (Jefferson Papers)

...Aug. It does not appear that the State Department took any action on the matter. The owners’ protests were rejected by the French Council of Prizes in 1810. Not until after the signing of a convention between the United States and France in 1831 would the claims be settled. The claimants for the

68To Alexander Hamilton from Richard Soderstrom, 16 November 1803 (Hamilton Papers)

seized for a violation of “An Act to suspend the commercial intercourse between the United States and France, and the dependencies thereof” (...was collector of the port of New York, for a violation of the act to suspend commercial intercourse between the United States and France, for which seizures suits were brought, and damages and costs recovered, against the said collector; and to...

69From Thomas Jefferson to Meriwether Lewis, 16 November 1803 (Jefferson Papers)

). (2) Treaty and conventions between the United States and France, 30 Apr., for the sale of Louisiana. (3) “An Act to enable the President of the United States to take possession of the territories ceded by France to the United States, by the treaty concluded at...

70From James Madison to Charles Pinckney, 12 October 1803 (Madison Papers)

...so absurdly blended with the project the offensive communication of the perfidy which she charges on the First Consul? If it be her aim to prevent the execution of the Treaty between the United States and France, in order to have for her neighbour the latter instead of the United States, it is not difficult to shew that she mistakes the lesser for the greater danger, against which she...

71To James Madison from Carlos Martínez de Yrujo, 12 October 1803 (Madison Papers)

These expressions which you consider as an explicit and positive acknowledgement of the right of the United States and France to enter into the engagements which they afterwards did, do not in my opinion weaken in any manner the foundation and the force of the representations which I have had the honor to make to you against the sale...

72From James Madison to Robert R. Livingston, 6 October 1803 (Madison Papers)

...and affirming that on no other condition Spain would have ceded it to France. In the second note dated Sept. 27 it is urged as an additional objection to the Treaty between the United States and France, that the French Government had never completed the title of France, having failed to procure the stipulated recognition of the King of Etruria from Russia and Great Britain, which was a...

73From James Madison to Carlos Martínez de Yrujo, 4 October 1803 (Madison Papers)

Here is an explicit and positive recognition of the right of the United States and France to enter into the transaction which has taken place.

74To Thomas Jefferson from Meriwether Lewis, 3 October 1803 (Jefferson Papers)

So soon Sir, as you deem it expedient to promulge the late treaty, between the United States and France I would be much obliged by your directing an official copy of it to be furnished me, as I think it probable that the present inhabitants of Louisiana, from such an evidence of their having become the Citizens of...

75From Thomas Jefferson to Wilson Cary Nicholas, 7 September 1803 (Jefferson Papers)

: the 1778 Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and France (

76From James Madison to Rufus King, 16 May 1803 (Madison Papers)

...if not all other nations, and disregarded even in her own practice, were a principle in the French Code, it could be applied to Mr. Le Couteulx only, in a discussion between the United States and France. Great Britain would be barred from all interest in the case, by the epoch of the naturalization which was that of peace between her and France. But this principle never existed in the...

77Notes on a Cabinet Meeting, 7 May 1803 (Jefferson Papers)

...was to forestall the arming of American privateers, and TJ joined the other members of Washington’s cabinet in support of the declaration of neutrality although there was a division of opinion over the status of the relationship between the United States and France (

78From James Madison to Robert R. Livingston and James Monroe, 2 March 1803 (Madison Papers)

...it is evident, will be, or can be admitted to be produced in that Treaty or in the arrangements carried into effect under it, further than it may be superceded by stipulations between the United States and France, who will stand in the place of Spain. It will not be amiss to insist on an express recognition of this by France as an effectual bar against pretexts of any sort not compatible...

79To Thomas Jefferson from John Vaughan, 25 December 1802 (Jefferson Papers)

...States rather than go to war against France; such “is not the case now—They only wait the orders of Govt. & in the twinkling on an Eye New Orleans would be ours”; if the United States and France come into conflict, it will be of critical importance to send immediately a force of 4,000 to 5,000 men to protect the Mississippi Territory “& keep in awe the Savages who are still much...

80III. Gallatin’s Remarks on the Draft, 21 November 1802 (Jefferson Papers)

: under Article 9 of the 1788 consular convention between the United States and France and a 1792 act to implement it, a consul or vice consul could obtain the arrest of deserters from his country’s ships, and federal courts were to give “all aid and assistance” necessary. In 1794, Jean...

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