Philip Turpin (1749–1828), physician and TJ’s first cousin, received an M.D. degree from the University of Edinburgh in 1774 before traveling to Paris for additional medical training. The onset of the Revolutionary War left him destitute of funds and unable to return to America. Turpin was obliged to take a position as a surgeon in the British Navy in 1777 and returned to America in that capacity in 1781. After Lord Cornwallis denied his application to pass through the lines to the American side, he remained in the British service and was captured at Yorktown. Turpin was accordingly suspected of Loyalist sympathies and relied in part on TJ’s intervention to regain his status as a Virginia citizen in December 1783. Late in the 1780s Turpin purchased a Chesterfield County estate called Salisbury from Thomas Mann Randolph (1741–93), and in 1789 he sold John Marshall the lot in Richmond on which the latter’s house still stands. Turpin’s medical practice periodically took him to the aid of TJ’s relations at Eppington (Mary Denham Ackerly and Lula Eastman Jeter Parker, “Our Kin”: The Genealogies of Some of the Early Families who Made History in the Founding and Development of Bedford County Virginia [1930], 372–3; PTJ description begins Julian P. Boyd, Charles T. Cullen, John Catanzariti, Barbara B. Oberg, and others, eds., The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, 1950– , 31 vols. description ends , 1:23–4, 6:324–33, 31:389; MB description begins James A. Bear Jr. and Lucia C. Stanton, eds., Jefferson’s Memorandum Books: Accounts, with Legal Records and Miscellany, 1767–1826, 1997, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Second Series description ends , 2:936–7; Madison, Papers, Congress. Ser., 7:232–3; Marshall, Papers description begins Herbert A. Johnson, Charles T. Cullen, Charles F. Hobson, and others, eds., The Papers of John Marshall, Chapel Hill, 1974–2006, 12 vols. description ends , 2:28–9; Jeffrey M. O’Dell, Chesterfield County: Early Architecture and Historic Sites [1983], 287–8; Richmond Enquirer, 16 May 1828).