Thomas Jefferson Papers
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Thomas Jefferson to Noah Worcester, 1 October 1819

To Noah Worcester

Monticello Oct. 1. 19.

Sir

I have duly recieved the Memorial you have been so kind as to forward me, with the letter of Sep. 20. desiring my opinion on the proposition to suppress privateering in time of war. of that my opinion is recorded in the 4th Article of the instructions of Congress of May 7. 1784. to their Ministers commissioned to enter into treaties of amity and commerce with the several powers of Europe which were drawn by me while in Congress; and in the treaty with Prussia, quoted by you, which I drew also, as one of those commissioners: but the suggestion was originally from Dr Franklin. but there is a time for man to retire from the business of the world; when he should suspect his declining faculties and cease to trust and expose them. that time is come with me. feebleness of body and relaxation of mind admonish me to seek repose, and to retire from all public concerns, which I have accordingly done for years. I leave chearfully to the existing generation measures which are to affect themselves alone, and I am sure they will be wisely directed. I must be permitted therefore to decline giving any new opinion on this subject for the public, who, without such presumption in me, will know well what to do with it; assuring you at the same time of my high respect & consideration

Th: Jefferson

P.S. as the Instructions are not in the printed journals, I inclose you an extract of that article from an authenticated copy in my hands, dated May 7. 1784. a year earlier than the letter quoted in the Memorial, and from a still earlier suggestion of Dr Franklin’s either to Congress or otherwise; which, I do not recollect.

RC (Joseph Rubinfine, West Palm Beach, Fla., 1995). PoC (DLC); on verso of reused address cover to TJ; endorsed by TJ. Printed in The Friend of Peace, vol. 2, no. 6 (Cambridge, Mass., 1821), 31–2.

The 4th article of the instructions of congress is in PTJ description begins Julian P. Boyd, Charles T. Cullen, John Catanzariti, Barbara B. Oberg, James P. McClure, and others, eds., The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, 1950– , 43 vols. description ends , 7:267, and also printed in The Friend of Peace, vol. 2, no. 6, 32. The 1785 treaty with prussia, quoted by you, is in Miller, Treaties description begins Hunter Miller, ed., Treaties and other International Acts of the United States of America, 1931–48, 8 vols. description ends , 2:162–84. It was based on a model treaty that TJ drafted the previous year (PTJ description begins Julian P. Boyd, Charles T. Cullen, John Catanzariti, Barbara B. Oberg, James P. McClure, and others, eds., The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, 1950– , 43 vols. description ends , 7:463–90). For the specific provision against privateering, see PTJ description begins Julian P. Boyd, Charles T. Cullen, John Catanzariti, Barbara B. Oberg, James P. McClure, and others, eds., The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, 1950– , 43 vols. description ends , 7:486; Miller, Treaties description begins Hunter Miller, ed., Treaties and other International Acts of the United States of America, 1931–48, 8 vols. description ends , 2:178–9; and North American Review 11 (new ser., 2) (1820): 187. The letter quoted in the memorial was Benjamin Franklin to Benjamin Vaughan, 14 Mar. 1785, the concluding paragraph of which called for the elimination of privateering (DLC: Franklin Papers; [John Gallison], A Proposed Memorial to the Congress of the United States [(Boston, 1819)], possibly Poor, Jefferson’s Library description begins Nathaniel P. Poor, Catalogue. President Jefferson’s Library, 1829 description ends , 11 [no. 689], 6). For Franklin’s still earlier attacks on privateering, see Leonard W. Labaree and others, eds., The Papers of Benjamin Franklin (1959– ), 37:609–10, 617–20; 38:444–5, 584–5; 39:569–70.

Index Entries

  • aging; TJ on his own search
  • A Proposed Memorial to the Congress of the United States (J. Gallison) search
  • Confederation Congress; journal of search
  • Confederation Congress; TJ as member of search
  • Franklin, Benjamin; and privateering search
  • Friend of Peace; N. Worcester as editor of search
  • Gallison, John; A Proposed Memorial to the Congress of the United States search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Books & Library; receives works search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Health; aging search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Opinions on; aging search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Public Service; as minister to France search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Public Service; in Confederation Congress search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Writings; Draft of a Model Treaty (1784) search
  • Jefferson, Thomas; Writings; Instructions to the Commissioners for Negotiating Treaties of Amity and Commerce search
  • North American Review and Miscellaneous Journal search
  • peace advocacy; and N. Worcester search
  • privateering; proposals to abolish search
  • Prussia; U.S. treaty with (1785) search
  • Vaughan, Benjamin; and B. Franklin search
  • Worcester, Noah; andFriend of Peace search
  • Worcester, Noah; as peace advocate search
  • Worcester, Noah; letters to search