George Washington Papers
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From George Washington to George Clinton, 23–24 May 1780

To George Clinton

⟨Head Quarters Morris Town 23d[–24] May 1780.⟩

⟨Dear Sir⟩

⟨I am exceedingly sorry to learn, by your⟩ favr of the 19th, ⟨the distressed situation of your fron⟩tier, more especially ⟨at a time, when our attention⟩ will, in all probability ⟨be called, in a great measure,⟩ to the operations upon the ⟨Coast. My confidential⟩ letter of the 18th will explain ⟨my meaning.⟩ By that you will perceive ⟨the impossibility, under⟩ present appearances and ci⟨rcumstances, of sparing⟩ any further force from the Continen⟨tal Army to act in⟩ conjunction with the Militia. ⟨I imagine it will⟩ scarcely be deemed prudent ⟨to withdraw Colo.⟩ Van Schaicks Regiment from ⟨Fort Schuyler except⟩ matters take an unexpected ⟨turn in that quarter,⟩ altho’ the addition of so resp⟨ectable a Corps would⟩ be very essential, should ⟨the measures for which⟩ we are preparing be ca⟨rried into execution.⟩1 From the state of our ⟨Magazines here, and from⟩ your representation ⟨of the situation of matters⟩ abov⟨e, I do not see how troops would be subsisted supposing they could be spared. We are now upon half allowance of Meat and every now and then the troops are intirely without.2 Whether the emergency of the occasion, and the flattering prospect of putting an end to the War by one vigorous⟩ effort, ⟨will induce the states to throw in extraor⟩dinary aids ⟨and supplies, I cannot tell; but⟩ if such effects are ⟨not produced, or some⟩ means can be fallen upon to ⟨procure Money to enable the Commiss⟩aries and Quarter Masters to ⟨provide in the co⟩mmon mode, I do not know what ⟨may be the⟩ consequences.

⟨I⟩ have thought, that as the peace of the whole ⟨Northern⟩ Frontier in a great measure depends upon ⟨checking the⟩ most dangerous Body of the enemy, ⟨which will⟩ act upon the Mohawk River,3 it might ⟨not be am⟩iss for the Legislature of your State ⟨to call upon⟩ that of Massachusetts, for an aid of ⟨Men from⟩ their Western Counties.4 They will shortly ⟨be informed⟩ of the necessity of assembling our whole ⟨Continent⟩al force to a point, and will, therefore, per⟨haps more rea⟩dily come into the measure.

⟨I am h⟩appy in knowing that your ⟨Excellency will attri⟩bute my refusal of your request ⟨to the true cause—inability—⟩It is certainly to be ⟨lamented that we cannot oppose a sufficient force to every point upon which we are attacked, but that not being the case, prudence and policy both dictate the expediency of directing our efforts against the source from whence all our difficulties springs. I have the Honor⟩

24th May. Since ⟨writing the foregoing I have been favd⟩ with your Excellen⟨cy’s letter of the 21st. I at the same⟩ time received one f⟨rom Colo. Van Schaick, in⟩ which he mentions the ⟨critical situation of Fort⟩ Schuyler for want of provisi⟨on, there not being more⟩ as he informs me, than one ⟨months supply in the⟩ Garrison by the last Retur⟨n5—This is a matter of⟩ so much importance th⟨at every measure ought to⟩ be fallen upon to give re⟨lief. Genl Schuyler⟩ informs me of a parcel of ⟨Corn in the possession⟩ of Colo. Lewis.6 I shall direct ⟨Colo. Van Schaick to en⟩deavour to get it thrown ⟨into the Fort.7 As to Salt⟩ Meat, which is the only ⟨kind which is proper I⟩ know not from whence it ⟨is to come. We have⟩ so totally exhausted the ⟨Continental Stock, that the⟩ Commissary General ⟨has been obliged to borrow three⟩ hundred Bar⟨rels from private Gentlemen in⟩ Philadelphia ⟨to endeavour to support the Army untill Grass Cattle can be brought from New England8—The Garrison at West point are, if possible, in a worse situation than we are here9—I am confident that your Excellency and the Legislature will, considering the importance of Fort schuyler, and the inability to afford any present relief from the Conti⟩nental Magazines⟨, take every possible step to⟩ throw in a supply—⟨I shall not dra⟩w down Van Schaicks Regt ⟨untill we see further in⟩to the state of matters to ⟨the Westward.10

I am⟩ infinitely obliged by your ready ⟨promise to⟩ concur with any requisitions which ⟨may be made⟩ to your State, should our expected ⟨cooperation⟩ be carried into execution—A ⟨Committee⟩ of Congress, appointed for the pur⟨pose of ca⟩lling upon the States for what supplies ⟨may be deem⟩ed necessary upon such an occa⟨sion are⟩ now in Camp—You may therefore ⟨expect to he⟩ar from them upon the subject ⟨in a few days⟩.11 I have the honor12 to be with ⟨mutilated⟩ Esteem ⟨mutilated⟩ Most obt Servt

⟨Go: Washington⟩13

LS (partially burned), in Tench Tilghman’s writing, N-Ar: George Clinton Papers; Df, DLC:GW; Varick transcript, DLC:GW. Burned and illegible portions of the LS are supplied in angle brackets from the draft manuscript, which is in the writing of GW’s aide-de-camp Tench Tilghman. GW sent this letter with one to Clinton dated 25 May.

1GW is referring to the anticipated arrival of a French expeditionary corps and a prospective attack on New York.

2For the scarcity of meat in camp, see Solomon Southwick to GW, 17 May, and n.3 to that document.

Lt. Samuel Richards of the 3d Connecticut Regiment noted in his diary that “for several days previous to the 25th of May the rations were curtailed; and then entirely suspended” (Diary of Samuel Richards description begins Diary of Samuel Richards, Captain of Connecticut Line, War of the Revolution 1775-1781. Philadelphia, Pa., 1909. description ends , 67).

3On this day, Tryon County militia colonel Jacob Klock wrote Clinton: “We have Intelligence that Joseph Brant with a Strong party would attackt the South Side of the [Mohawk] River this day & would make a sweep of it if he could” (Hastings and Holden, Clinton Papers description begins Hugh Hastings and J. A. Holden, eds. Public Papers of George Clinton, First Governor of New York, 1777–1795, 1801–1804. 10 vols. 1899–1914. Reprint. New York, 1973. description ends , 5:740–42). For similar largely accurate reports, see the letters of Morgan Lewis and John Tayler to Clinton on 23 May, in Hastings and Holden, Clinton Papers description begins Hugh Hastings and J. A. Holden, eds. Public Papers of George Clinton, First Governor of New York, 1777–1795, 1801–1804. 10 vols. 1899–1914. Reprint. New York, 1973. description ends , 5:743–46; see also GW to Samuel Huntington, 27–28 May, and n.4 to that document, and to James Clinton, 30 May.

4The New York legislature apparently did not act on GW’s suggestion.

6New York delegate Philip Schuyler probably spoke to GW. He was then at Morristown as a member of the Committee at Headquarters.

7GW wrote Col. Goose Van Schaick from headquarters at Morristown on 24 May: “I have recd yours of the 19th inclosing Copies of several letters from Gentlemen upon the Frontier expressing their apprehensions of danger from the incursions of the enemy. Under present appearances and circumstances I have determined not to draw your Regt from Fort schuyler, and I cannot but hope that by their remaining there, and the cover which will be afforded by the 800 Militia when embodied and properly desposed, the people will be encouraged to stay at home and give occasional succour. The supply of the Garrison of Fort schuyler is so essential a matter that I have wrote pressingly to Govr Clinton upon the subject—pointed out to him the exhausted state of the Continental Magazines, and requested him to leave no means untried to raise and throw in a supply—General Schuyler informs me that there is a parcel of Corn near Albany under the direction of Colo. Lewis—You will be pleased to call upon him for it, and endeavour to have it as speedily as possible sent up to the Fort” (Df, in Tench Tilghman’s writing, DLC:GW; Varick transcript, DLC:GW). For the measure to raise 800 militia, see GW to George Clinton, 18 May, n.3. Van Schaick replied to GW on 1 June.

8For efforts to procure salt provisions in Pennsylvania, see Ephraim Blaine to GW, 21 May, and n.4 to that document; see also the Board of War to GW, 22 May.

9See Robert Howe to GW, 22 May (first letter), and n.1 to that document.

10GW ordered a regiment to Fort Schuyler to relieve the 1st New York Regiment in late August (see GW to Van Schaick, 28 Aug., DLC:GW).

11The New York legislature passed an act on 24 June “to procure Supplies for the Use of the Army, and to prevent a Monopoly of Cattle within this State, and more effectually to prevent Supplies of Cattle to the Enemy.” The measure requisitioned set quotas of provisions from the counties in response to earlier congressional enactments and recent appeals from the Committee at Headquarters (N.Y. Laws description begins Laws of the State of New-York, Commencing with the first Session of the Senate and Assembly, after the Declaration of Independency, and the Organization of the New Government of the State, Anno 1777. Poughkeepsie, N.Y., 1782. description ends , 135–40; see also Clement Biddle to GW, 16 May, n.2; GW to Committee at Headquarters, 25 May, n.1; and Circular to the States, 2 June, n.1).

12The draft ends at this point.

13A small portion of GW’s signature is visible on the remaining fragment of the partially burned LS.

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