1To George Washington from Tobias Lear, 20 November 1796 (Washington Papers)
The Alexandria firm of Robert Young & Co. included Robert Young and Philip Richard Fendall among its partners. Located on King Street, the firm sold items such as beer, coffee, sugar, and German imports (see
2To John Jay from Philip Schuyler, 11 November 1796 (Jay Papers)
William Pitt Beers (1766–1810), an attorney of Albany, was married to Ann Sturges Beers (1765–1837), the daughter of Jonathan Sturges (1740–1819), an attorney, jurist, and politician from Fairfield, Connecticut.
3Agreement with John Christian Ehlers, 10 October 1795 (Washington Papers)
...he will allow him 500 lbs. of Porke and the fat which comes from the hogs—200 lbs. of Beef; 600 lbs. of midlings (and as an encouragement) 100 lbs. of fine flour; two quarts of Beer or cyder per day; and in failure thereof, a quart of Rum pr week; 50 shads; and 300 Herrings; together with the Milk of a Cow. The Porke & Beef he is to receive in the fall...
4From John Jay to John Dalrymple, 14 February 1795 (Jay Papers)
on the topics of yeast cakes and powder, wort cakes for the brewing of beer, and the distillation of salt water. See Dalrymple to
5To John Jay from John Dalrymple, 1 February 1795 (Jay Papers)
...I therefore offered to communicate my Arts to him and to teach him to make the Articles from the Yeast with his own hands The Articles were spirits from corn Spirits ^and^ from Molasses or Sugar, Worts, small beer, Seamen’s beer, Strong Beer, With regard to beer, a Quarter of Malt or half a Quarter
6From John Jay to Grenville, Project for a Treaty with Great Britain, 30 September 1794 (Jay Papers)
...—Tin, Iron, Lead, Copper, Brass, Coals—as also Wheat and Barley and Flour, and every kind of Corn and Pulse—Tobacco and all kinds of Spices,—Salted and Smoked Flesh, Fish, Cheese, Butter, Beer, Cyder, Oil, Wines, Sugar, Salt, and all kinds of provisions whatever which serve for sustenance and food to mankind. All kinds of Cotton, Flax, Hemp, Cordage Cables, Sails, Sail-cloth— Tallow,...
7To George Washington from Alexander Hamilton, 5 August 1794 (Washington Papers)
. The representations asserting the innocence of William Kerr and Alexander Beer (Berr) have not been identified.
8Thomas Boylston Adams to John Adams, 5 May 1794 (Adams Papers)
upon fish, caught in the River called Carp, but the House was destitute of Liquor’s except York Beer, which for want of Better was made to answer our purpose The Landlady told us that since there was no market for Flour the waggons had ceased going to Philad
9To James Madison from Joseph Jones, [ca. 1 January] 1794 (Madison Papers)
sells his strong beer at ⅌ barrel if you can conveniently get information. We get no Freneau or Fenno.
10Memorandum Books, 1793 (Jefferson Papers)
Pepper H. account for beer.Petit 40.D. pd. do. for porter 1.1 do. for Grey for beer 1.
11From George Washington to William Pearce, 23 December 1793 (Washington Papers)
...without waste, or misapplication—I am very willing to allow them enough, and
of such provisions, day by day, as is wholesome & good, but no more—they have, each
of them been allowed a bottle of Beer a day—and this must be continued to them—that is a
quart each, for when I am from home the Beer will not be bottled though it may be brewed as the occasio...
12To George Washington from Nathan Beers, 22 October 1793 (Washington Papers)
Nathan Beers (1753-1849), a Connecticut paymaster during the Revolutionary War,
retired from the army in June 1783 but served for a time as agent for settling
regimental accounts. He was a charter member of the Connecticut Society of...
13From George Washington to William Rawle, 13 March 1793 (Washington Papers)
Whereas it appears to me, from the representation of several respectable persons, and from sundry affidavits, that William Kerr and Alexander Beer, who were lately indicted in the circuit-court of the United States, holden in the town of York, in the state of Pennsylvania, for a riot, were innocent of the offence, with which they stand charged;...and Alexander Beer (Berr) during the U.S....
14Enclosure: Tench Coxe’s Notes on Jefferson’s Draft Report on Commerce, [5 February 1793] (Jefferson Papers)
Coxe wrote “Abolish the drawback on [Beer?]—it is dangerous.” Opposite this additional line in the margin he canceled “Qu. Modifications of Drawbacks.”
15Memorandum Books, 1792 (Jefferson Papers)
beerDo. in favor of H. Pepper for beer from Jan. 7. to Oct. 8. 53.D.
16Enclosure: [A Statement of the Accounts of Henry Knox], 24 November 1792 (Hamilton Papers)
Ditto received of Oliver Beers, administrator to the estate of Isaac Hubbel, for the balance due on settlement of the accounts of the latter, as paymaster to the second regiment of Artillery
17From George Washington to Edmund Randolph, 1 October 1792 (Washington Papers)
. The grand jury of the U.S. Circuit Court for the Middle District, which met at York, Pa., on 11 Oct. 1792, indicted William Kerr and Alexander Beer (Berr), participants in the August 1792 attack on William Faulkner’s tavern, in which John Nevill, the inspector of the revenue, had established his office. On 13 Mar. 1793 GW wrote William Rawle, U.S....
18To George Washington from Richard Peters, 20 June 1792 (Washington Papers)
—Barley not in great Quantities our People not being as fond as they ought to be of Beer.
19Report Relative to the Additional Supplies for the Ensuing Year, 16 March 1792 (Hamilton Papers)
Beer, Ale and Porter
20Memorandum Books, 1791 (Jefferson Papers)
Pd. an acct. to Haines & son for small beer 4. months, to wit from Jan. 18. to May 20. 15.D.
21Tench Coxe’s Draft of the Report on the Subject of Manufactures, [Fall] 1790 (Hamilton Papers)
...that expensive and inconvenient encouragement, the revenue may be calculated to assist them by diminishing the use of rival, tho in some instances different, commodities. Thus the Duties on ardent spirits may be rendered a virtual bounty on beer, ale & porter & the impost on foreign spirituous ...following, that is to say: … molasses, per gallon, three cents; beer, ale and porter in casks,...
22To Thomas Jefferson from Tench Coxe, 23 June 1791 (Jefferson Papers)
...their situation.” Pollock estimated that imports totalled 40,000 barrels of flour and an equal amount of beef, pork, rice, gammon, lard, butter, cheese, spermaceti candles, beeswax, apples, potatoes, codfish, beer, cider, masts, iron, and steel, the whole of which he thought could be valued at $800.000. As to the latter, he gave a detailed account based on customs records of the exports...
23To George Washington from Rodolph Valltravers, 20 March 1791 (Washington Papers)
de Beer, “Rodolph Valltravers”
24To Alexander Hamilton from Nathaniel Hazard, [9 March 1791] (Hamilton Papers)
...I have been for several Years, Agent for the Sale of that made at Matlack’s Furnace. I apprehend the Consumption of Steel in America is little short of 3000 Tons per Annum. The Use of american Porter & Beer is rapidly increasing,
25Alexander Hamilton’s First Draft of the Report on the Subject of Manufactures, [27 January–4 February] 1790 (Hamilton Papers)
a virtual bounty on beer, ale and porter and the impost on foreign spirituous liquors
26To Thomas Jefferson from Tench Coxe, 1 February 1791 (Jefferson Papers)
dry goods for St. Domingo equal to all that is stated to be shipt thither. Steel is but 978 Drs. Gunpowder but 869 Drs. Ginseng but 90,000 ℔. Beer but 4600 Drs. and there appears to be but 1,300,000 wheat, which cannot be right. On the whole, Sir, I feel a confidence that this return is considerably short of the truth. I have the...
27II. Tench Coxe’s Notes on the Dutch and Prussian Fisheries, [ca. 23 November 1790] (Jefferson Papers)
In the Year 1750 several duties on Salt provision and beer were considerably reduced for the benefit of the Groenland and Davis’s Strait fisheries;We have no duty on beer or salt provisions and the duty of the Salt is allowed
28Tench Coxe’s Second Draft, [September 1790] (Hamilton Papers)
..., the revenue may be calculated to assist them by diminishing the use of rival tho in some instances different commodities. Thus the Duties on ardent spirits may be rendered a virtual bounty on beer ale or porter & the impost on foreign spirituous liquors an encouragment to those made at home. By careful attention to regulations of this Nature it is believed very effectual aid may be...
29Enclosure: [Schedule] A: Additional Estimate of Monies Required for the Services of the Present Year, 6 August 1790 (Hamilton Papers)
Beer
30Draft of An Act Making Further Provision for the Payment of the Debts of the United States, [January–12 July 1790] (Hamilton Papers)
Beer ale and porter in casksBeer ale porter and cyder in bottles