1From Benjamin Franklin to Charles Lee, 19 February 1776 (Franklin Papers)
, 366; Dull, French Navy, pp. 27, 377; James H. Hutson, “...
2The Committee of Secret Correspondence to William Bingham, 21 September[– 1 October 1776] (Franklin Papers)
...ready, but none was yet in active service: Dull, French Navy, pp. 52–3, 60–1.
3From Benjamin Franklin to John Hancock, 8 [December] 1776 (Franklin Papers)
...the British naval preparations were much exaggerated; see Dull, French Navy, pp. 60–3, 75.
The French navy was far from ready. The British, nevertheless, were... .... Dull,French Navy...
5The American Commissioners to the Committee of Secret Correspondence, 17[–22] January 1777 (Franklin Papers)
...were actually being made were less impressive; see Dull, French Navy, pp. 63–4.
...Boux had achieved an eminence in the French navy remarkable for one who was not of noble birth...
7The American Commissioners to the Comte de Vergennes, 7 May 1777 (Franklin Papers)
...ordered its patrols to give protection on demand. Dull, French Navy, pp. 64–5, 70–1; Stevens,
, 448–69; Dull, French Navy, pp. 83–6.
9The American Commissioners to Vergennes, 12 August 1777 (Franklin Papers)
Dull, French Navy, pp. 77–8; Clark,
10The American Commissioners to Henry Johnson, 28 August 1777 (Franklin Papers)
Dull, French Navy, pp. 78–80.
11The American Commissioners to the Committee for Foreign Affairs, 18 December 1777 (Franklin Papers)
...to take any action until her fleets returned: Dull, French Navy, pp. 100, 102.
12The American Commissioners’ Interview on January 8 with Gérard: Four Documents, 1778 (Franklin Papers)
For the background of this decision see Dull, French Navy, pp. 94–100.
13A Proposed Article for the Treaty of Alliance with France, [on or before 27 January 1778] (Franklin Papers)
...event of an Austro-Prussian war over Bavaria. Dull, French Navy, p. 113.
14The Franco-American Treaty of Alliance, 6 February 1778 (Franklin Papers)
...time be a party to the treaties; see Dull, French Navy, pp. 94–101.
15Franklin and Silas Deane to Arthur Lee, 26 February 1778 (Franklin Papers)
’s 26: Dull, French Navy, p. 356.
16The American Commissioners to the President of Congress, 20 July 1778: résumé (Franklin Papers)
...with a slightly smaller number the following day: Dull, French Navy, 120–2; W.M. James,
17From Benjamin Franklin to James Lovell, 22 July 1778 (Franklin Papers)
...from the 1777 expedition against Portuguese Brazil: Dull, French Navy, pp. 63, 75, 127 n...
French Navy and Amer. Independence
19The American Commissioners to Sartine, 12[–15] October 1778: résumé (Franklin Papers)
Two British frigates captured by the French: Dull, French Navy, p. 357.
20The American Commissioners to Sartine, 25 December 1778 (Franklin Papers)
110n), and his letter offered to provide the French navy with masts:
21The American Commissioners to Vergennes, [before 9 January 1779]: résumé (Franklin Papers)
Dull, French Navy, pp. 125, 128–35, 362–3.Dull, French Navy, pp. 131–2, 137, 141. The final...
22The Duc de Croÿ’s Account of a Dinner with Franklin, [1 March 1779] (Franklin Papers)
...was necessary to win her cooperation: Dull, French Navy, p. 137. For a discussion of the...
23From Benjamin Franklin to Landais, 4 March 1779 (Franklin Papers)
..., and money that the dockyards were facing see Dull, French Navy, pp. 145–6.
24From Benjamin Franklin to ——— Gratien, 27 March 1779 (Franklin Papers)
For the French navy’s new regulations on prizes see
25From Benjamin Franklin to John Adams, 3 April 1779 (Franklin Papers)
...fifty-five ships of the line ready: Dull, French Navy, p. 138n. At the moment a scathing...
26From Benjamin Franklin to Arthur Lee, 3 May 1779 (Franklin Papers)
...27: Auphan, “Communications,” p. 345; Dull, French Navy, p. 160.
27From Benjamin Franklin to the Committee for Foreign Affairs, 26 May 1779 (Franklin Papers)
During 1779, the French navy cost some 150,000,000 ...been heavy: Dull, French Navy, pp. 345–50;...
28From Benjamin Franklin to John Paul Jones, 30 June 1779 (Franklin Papers)
...the Zuider Zee. Wood needed by the French navy had been accumulating at Amsterdam; see Dumas...
29From Benjamin Franklin to the Marquis de Lafayette, 1 October 1779 (Franklin Papers)
). Details are given in Dull, French Navy, pp. 166, 187, 377.
30From Benjamin Franklin to John Jay, 4[–28] October 1779 (Franklin Papers)
...partly because mortality from the illness was increasing: Dull, French Navy, pp. 164–5.
31Minutes of the Landais Inquiry, [15–24 November 1779] (Franklin Papers)
’s officers to Sartine; if officers of the French navy judged the
32From Benjamin Franklin to the Prince de Montbarey, 18 January 1780 (Franklin Papers)
...was sent to Martinique in February (Dull, French Navy, p. 377) and he chose service...
33From Benjamin Franklin to the Chevalier de La Luzerne, 5 March 1780 (Franklin Papers)
...twenty-one ships of the line to eleven: Dull, French Navy, p. 178.
34From Benjamin Franklin to Landais, 12 March 1780 (Franklin Papers)
...93–6. A sketch of Landais’ service in the French Navy appears in Six,
35From Benjamin Franklin to John Paul Jones, 18 March 1780 (Franklin Papers)
was ordered on April 22, but the local French navy officials were warned on May 8 not to buy the...
36From Benjamin Franklin to William Carmichael, 31 March[–7 April 1780] (Franklin Papers)
per year: Dull, French Navy, p. 349.
37From Benjamin Franklin to Delleville, 15 April 1780 (Franklin Papers)
of the French navy furnished them, the same amount the King provides his...
38To John Adams from Benjamin Franklin, 20 October 1780 (Adams Papers)
French Navy and Amer. Independence
39From Benjamin Franklin to John Paul Jones, 25 November 1780 (Franklin Papers)
...her launching in late 1782 she was given to the French Navy:
40Franklin’s Journal, [18 December 1780–29 January 1781] (Franklin Papers)
...He finally reached Brest on Jan. 3: Dull, French Navy, p. 216. His safe arrival was reported...
41From Benjamin Franklin to Samuel Huntington, 12 March[–12 April 1781] (Franklin Papers)
, 553n; Dull, French Navy, pp. 213–14.
42From Benjamin Franklin to John Adams, 11 May 1781 (Franklin Papers)
...(better known as La Motte-Picquet): Dull, French Navy, pp. 228–9; J. Franklin Jameson, “...
43From Benjamin Franklin to John Adams, 5 October 1781 (Franklin Papers)
...and British fleets were maneuvering at sea: Dull, French Navy, p. 246; Rice and Brown, eds....
44From Benjamin Franklin to John Adams, 7 November 1781 (Franklin Papers)
...in the war as an ally of France: Dull, French Navy, pp. 114, 117, 126–7, 129–31,...
45From Benjamin Franklin to John Adams, 26 November 1781 (Franklin Papers)
...to which Spain made important contributions) see Dull, French Navy, pp. 238–49, and for the...
46Franklin’s Journal, 1–3 January 1782 (Franklin Papers)
...in Dutch waters and two in the Caribbean: Dull, French Navy, p. 376.
47From Benjamin Franklin to John Barry, 24 January 1782 (Franklin Papers)
...to sail for Martinique, Cadiz, and India: Dull, French Navy, p. 263.
48From Benjamin Franklin to Thomas Barclay, 4 February 1782 (Franklin Papers)
...not able to sail again until Feb. 11: Dull, French Navy, pp. 259–62, 267.
49From Benjamin Franklin to Robert Morris, 30 March 1782 (Franklin Papers)
CXCIII: 192–195; Dull, French Navy, pp. 268, 374; Auphan, “Communications,” p...
50From Benjamin Franklin to Robert Morris, 8 April 1782 (Franklin Papers)
The French navy was preparing convoys at Brest to transport reinforcements to India...